IID - pseudomonas and other oppurtunistics infections
About this set
Created by:
DanielleDaitch on October 11, 2011
Description:
oppurtunistic infections
-moist areas
Order by
15 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 pseudomonas aeruginosa characteristics | morph: slender gram (-) rods, motile, polar flagella metab: obligate aerobes (but can use nitrate) non-fermentative, utilize carbs via oxidative pathways, oxidase (+) enzymes: diffusable pigment, characteristic color virulence factors: adhesions, neuraminidase, non-filmbrae, polysac capsule -oppurtunistic infections |
| Pseudomonas Aeruginosa virulence factors | 1. adhesins and neuraminidase: mediate adherence 2. elastase: LasA and Las B synergistically degrade elastin 3. endotoxin (LPS): lipid A -> sepsis 4. exotoxin A: blocks protein synthesis, causes tissue damage (like diphtheria toxin) 5. mucoid alginate glycocalyx: anti-phagocytotic (CF pts) 6. phopholipase C: hemolysin that breaks down tissue lipids and lecithin (heat-labile) 7. pyocyanin: blue pigment, damages tissue by catalyzing formation of H2O2 and O2 |
| Pseudomonas Aeruginosa disease | 1. LRT infec: pneumonia in CF and weak immune patients) 2. skin infections in neutropenic and burn patients, folliculitis in other patients 3. UTI: in patients with indwelling catheters 4. swimmer's ear (common), malignant external otitis (dbs) 5. keratitis: scratched cornea contacts contaminated water 6. bacteremia: neutropenic pts, burn pts, dbs 7. ecthyma gangrenosum: ulcerated skin lesions 8. endocarditis: specific to IV drug users |
| Pseudomonas Aeruginosa treatment | challenge: porin mutations exclude antibiotic from cell -> resistance |
| Pseudomonas Aeruginosa prevention | - sterilize respiratory and dialysis equipment - preserve NF by judicial use of broad-spectrum antibiotics |
| Pseudomonas Aeruginosa epidemiology | - moist environments - hospitals (respiratory equipment, flowers, etc) - not normally NF (except Icpr), opportunistic pathogens - ABX and disinfectants resistant |
| Pseudomonas Aeruginosa transmission | - respiratory: contaminated respiratory ventilators - burn wounds: attracted moist burnt skin - UTI: catheters (chronic, indwelling) - ear, eye infections and folliculitis: hot tubs, pools - endocarditis: IV drug use |
| Pseudomonas Aeruginosa lab diagnosis | - metallic in culture - blue-green color and fruity grape odor - oxidase (+), fermentation (-), aerobic |
| Pseudomonas-like subtypes | 1. Burkholderia cepacia 2. Burkholderia pseudomallei 3. Steno. maltophilia 4. Acinetobacter 5. Moraxella catarrhalis opportunistic pathogens that survive in moist areas and surfaces, like pseudomonas |
| Burkholderia cepacia | URI (lethal, in CF patients); UTI and septicemia (catheter patients) |
| Burkholderia pseudomallei | SE Asia meliodosis; variable incubation (days-years) |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | nosocomal outbreaks |
| Acinetobacter | can survive on both moist and dry surfaces |
| Moraxella catarrhalis | community acquired pneumonia (elderly, COPD patients) - produces β-lactamase |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia treatment | · sulfonamides, trimethoprim - resistant to basically all other antibiotics |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.