Timeline of Events to New Nation
Order by
24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Common Law | Henry II created a new court system; noncriminal; court of the people, by the people; wanted to take pressure off of the High Court --first use of precedents: Judges use past decisions to help make their current decision, if there were none, then this decision becomes precedent for future cases. |
| Royal Court | Henry II expanded courts, added sheriffs/local justices; the accused were given a chance to prove innocence at trial; standards were enforced; the poor got access to the court system |
| Parliament | KingJohn,war with France,English Civil War=king starting to lose power; 63 Articles that became the "Magna Carta" -- |
| Magna Carta | try to stop conflicts --basis of democratic government --ruler must obey law just like the people --trial by jury --tax increases require a vote |
| VIRGINIA HOUSE OF BURGESSES | 1st democratic legislative body in American colonies England didn't like this; tried to veto decisions people gathering together & gaining voice in government people want more power |
| MAY FLOWER COMPACT | • Pilgrims; religious freedom • William Bradford - agreement to govern the Plymouth Colony • 1st "Americas Constitution" = agreement to self-government |
| PETITION OF RIGHTS | • Charles I • unconstitutional actions of king led to Parliament's attempt to exercise power over the king • rejected divine right of monarchs |
| NEW ENGLAND CONFEDERATION | • union of 4 colonies; defend against Native Americans and enemies • colonies shared beliefs, values • confederation of New England colonies |
| ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS | revision of Petition of Rights • English Parliament William III and Mary • protect rights & liberty Parliamentary sovereignty limited powers of king |
| WILLIAM PENN INTER-COLONIAL COOPERATION | • founder of Pennsylvania (PA), Quaker...religious freedom & free land • idea of colonial cooperation • unite colonies and work together |
| ALBANY PLAN | • union of 13 independent colonies • strengthen relationship with Iroquois • Ben Franklin's idea for all colonies = work together to solve problems |
| FRENCH & INDIAN WAR | (Seven Years' War) • last conflict before Revolutionary War • Native Americans and French vs. English troops and colonial troops (not from England) • English colonial population increasing; needed to expand to the west • Treaty of Paris = gave England most of the land from the French in Canada & east of the Mississippi River |
| STAMP ACT (and Sugar, Tea, Intolerable and Townsend Acts) | • get money and taxes from colonists • conflicts with taxation guidelines for king outlined in English Bill of Rights |
| BOSTON MASSACRE | • British soldiers fired into a crowd of protestors, killed 5 • propagandized increased support for independence cause • John Adams defended British soldiers |
| COMMITTEE OF CORRESPONDENCE | • first step toward cooperation in colonies • in Boston, MA • helped colonists keep in touch with each other & keep informed of British anti-colonial movements • within 3 months 80 committees were established nationwide |
| BOSTON TEA PARTY | • protest Tea Act / unfair taxation • Sons of Liberty dressed as Native Americans and threw 30,000 lbs. of tea (East India Company) into Boston Harbor • one step forward toward Revolution |
| FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS | • Boston Tea Party led to the Coercive Acts • Georgia (British occupied) - no representative, but agreed to support decisions • formally protest all taxes |
| DECLARATION OF RIGHTS | list of grievances; asking British to address problems • written in First Continental Congress repeal Coercive Acts • petition sent to King George III • colonists expected rights of life, liberty and property |
| AMERICAN REVOLUTION BEGINS | • 13 colonies vs. Britain • high taxes in colonies • British troops sent to Massachusetts • battles of Lexington & Concord "shot heard 'round the world" |
| SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS | • in Philadelphia, PA • soon after Lexington and Concord - 65 delegates, including John Hancock, Ben Franklin, John Adams wrote Declaration of Independence • create better militia • appointed George Washington as head of Continental Army |
| RICHARD HENRY LEE | • introduced resolution to separate from Britainarchitect of Declaration of Independence • 1 of six not present at the signing of the Declaration • served as 1st President of Continental Congress |
| DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE | • right to declare selves free • support for independence of colonists • gave reason why colonists should ban together in war effort • John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and others |
| REVOLUTIONARY WAR/WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE | • 8 years • birth of USA • first time colonies fought against colonial master for independence and freedom • George Washington Commander in Chief • 9/3/1783 Treaty of Paris recognized USA as independent of Britain; by Britain and other countries • military history: warfare changes; guerilla warfare considered "ungentlemanly" ; bloody & expensive = 1780 - US in sever |
| ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION | • confederacy = reaction to monarchy • John Dickinson wrote • initially (at first) ineffective • replaced by current Constitution |
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