Chapter 5 - Newton's Laws of Motion (Study this one first!)
About this set
Created by:
kmcdaniel223 on October 12, 2011
Subjects:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What does Newton's first law ask? | -what is the natural state of an object? -if you leave an object alone, what will it do? |
| What does Newton's first law state about an object at rest? | -an object at rest remains at rest as long as no net force acts on it |
| What does Newton's first law state about an object moving with constant velocity? | -an object with constant velocity continues to move with the same speed and in the same direction as long as no net force acts on it |
| What two things can the term "no net force" refer to? | 1. No force acts on the object; or 2. Forces act on the object, but they sum to zero |
| What is Newton's first law also known as? | -"law of inertia" |
| According to Newton's first law, what is the relationship between being at rest and moving with constant velocity? | -the two are actually equivalent |
| Why does an eraser at rest on a table stay at rest? | -because there is no net force acting on it |
| Are there any forces acting on the eraser? If so, which forces? | -yes -force of gravity and the support force from the table |
| Why does an eraser in deep space stay at rest? | -because there is no net force acting on it |
| Are there any forces acting on the eraser? If so, which forces? | -no forces act on the eraser in deep space |
| Restate Newton's first law, beginning with the phrase "the natural state of an object..." | -remains so long as there is no net force acting on it -(being in motion is just as natural a state as being at rest) |
| If the net force on an object is zero, what is the state of its velocity? | -the velocity of the object is constant -(motion will be constant if no net force is imposed) |
| What is Newton's second law? | Net Force = ma |
| How is the first law contained within the second law? | -because the second law addresses what will happen when an object is "left alone" (when there is no net force on an object) -(when there is no net force on an object, the object moves with constant velocity-->no acceleration) |
| If the same new force is applied to two masses, one large and one small, how will the two masses accelerate? | -the smaller mass will accelerate more quickly than the larger mass |
| What is the relationship between the direction of net force and acceleration? | -net force and acceleration will always move in the same direction |
| What is inertia? | -the resistance of any physical object to a change in its state of motion or rest |
| What is the relationship between mass and inertia? | -an object's inertia is directly proportional to its mass -the heavier an object is, the more inertia it has -hence, an object's mass measures its inertia |
| What then is the relationship between mass and acceleration? | -if an object has more mass, it will be more resistant to changes in acceleration |
| What are the units of force derived from? | Net force = ma |
| Thus, what are the units of force (not in Newtons)? | kg * m / s^2 |
| If we state that a force has a quantity of one newton, what do we imply about its abilities to move mass? | -a force of one newton is able to take 1 kg and accelerate it by 1 m/s^2 |
| If net force and mass are constant, what is acceleration? | -also constant |
| What do forces always come in? | -pairs |
| What do forces in a pair act on? | -different objects |
| What is the relative size of the two forces that comprise a pair? | -the forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction |
| What do these statements form the basis of? | -newton's third law |
| What is Newton's third law? | -for every force that acts on an object, there is a reaction force acting on a different object that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction |
| Do the forces that form an action-reaction pair cancel each other out? | -no they do not |
| Why not? | -because the action-reaction forces always act on different objects |
| What type of accelerations/motions do action-reaction forces general produce? | -different accelerations/motions |
| Why? | -because the action-reaction forces act on different objects -different objects will have different masses |
| Can action-reaction pairs exist independently? | -no, they cannot |
| Describe the baseball-Earth action-reaction pair: which forces are exerted on what objects? | -the Earth exerts a force on the ball (force of gravity) -the ball exerts a force on the Earth (force of gravity) |
| What are the relative sizes of these two forces? | -they are the same |
| Why can we only see the movement caused by the force of gravity exerted on the ball by Earth? | -because of the large relative mass of the Earth |
| What is one of the action-reaction pairs that exists when a brick is supported by a hand? | -force on hand from brick -force on brick from hand |
| What is the second? | -force on brick from Earth -force on Earth from brick |
| Should both partners of an action-reaction pair be used when performing calculations with F = ma? Why or why not? | -no, both partners should not be used -you should only focus on one half of an action reaction pair, because the only important component is the half that effects the object |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.