| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Carbohydrate monomer | monosaccharide including polyhydroxyl, aldehyde, ketone, glucose |
| Carbohdrate bond | glycosidic bond |
| Dehydration synthesis | removing a water molecule to form a bond |
| Hydrolysis | adding water to break a bond (making water) |
| Polymer of carbohydrates | polysaccharides |
| Starch | short term energy |
| Glycogen | energy storage Alpha 1-6 linkage |
| Cellulose | hydrocarbon Alpha 1-4 linkage, polymer of glucose |
| Chitin (acetylglucosamine) | Insect exoskeleton structural support |
| Lipid monomer | fatty acid |
| Saturated | all single bonds between carbons C-C |
| Unsaturated | Double bonds between carbons C=C |
| Lipid Bond | Ester |
| Ester bond | (acid + alcohol) OH-C=O |
| Lipid polymer | Triglyceride, Phospholipids, Steriods |
| Triglyceride | long term energy storage (lipid polymer) |
| Phospholipids | forms lipid bilayer of cell membranes (nonpolar tails, polar head) |
| Steriods | any compound that has a structure with three hexagons and a pentagon |
| Hormone | chemical messengers throughout different parts of the body to control the cells |
| Estrogen | Female sex hormone |
| Testosterone | Male sex hormone |
| Progesterone | pregnancy hormone |
| Aldosterone | salt/H20 balance hormone |
| Cortisol | stress hormone |
| Vitamin A | vision, bone |
| Vitamin E | antioxidant |
| Vitamin K | blood clotting vitamin |
| Prostaglandins | short range cellular messengers |
| Protein monomer | amino acid: amin, carboxylic acid, R group |
| Protein bond | amide |
| Amide bond | -N-C=O (peptide) |
| Protein bond form | dehydration syntesis |
| Protein polymer | polypeptide |
| 1 (primary) structure | sequence of amino acids (tells you what it is able to do) |
| 2 (secondary) structure | H-bonding of polypeptide backbone |
| 3 (tertiary) structure | R groups interact --> folding (alpha helix, beta sheet) |
| 4 (quarternary) structure | > 2 polypeptide chains (arranged and connected) |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace