Western Civ
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38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 assyria | an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia which is in present-day Iraq; book also |
| aeschylus | writer of tragedies; wrote Oresteia; proposed the idea of having two actors and using props and costumes; father of greek tragedies |
| aristotle | one of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers; pupil of pluto |
| alexander the great | son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world |
| archimedes | Mechanic (invented grappling devices and pullies) |
| aristarchus | He was the first person to present an explicit argument for a heliocentric model of the solar system, placing the Sun, not the Earth, at the center of the known universe (hence he is sometimes known as the "Greek Copernicus") |
| cuneiform | an ancient wedge-shaped script used in Mesopotamia and Persia |
| convenent | Promise from god; formal agreement between yaway & hebrew jews |
| cyrus the great II | A remarkable leader who managed to reunite he Persian Empire in a powerful kingdom. Under Cyrus, Persia began building an empire larger than any yet seen in the world |
| cynics | the people who wanted to go back to nature (against the gov) |
| cincinnatus | farmer/ in the military and saved rome |
| dynasties | way egyptians divided up history |
| Delian League | Pact joined in by Athenians and other Greeks to continue the war with Persia |
| epicureans | based of scientific theories ( caused by natural things) |
| gilgamesh | epic poem of a man who went on a quest to find the secret to eternal life |
| hittite | a member of an ancient people who inhabited Anatolia and northern Syria about 2000 to 1200 BC |
| homer | ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC) |
| hammurabi | King of the Babylonian empire; creator of the Code of Hammurabi, one of the world's oldest codes of law. |
| hyksos | a group of nomadic invaders from southwest asia who ruled egypt from 1640 to 1570 B.C. |
| minoans | a culture that lived in Greece between 3000 B.C. and 1400 B.C. |
| mycenaeans | an Indo-European people who settled on the Greek mainland around 2000 B.C. |
| metropolis | people living in a large densely populated municipality |
| polis | A city-state in ancient Greece |
| peloponnesian war | lasted 30 years., a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta |
| plato | ancient Athenian philosopher |
| patricians | the wealthy class in Roman society; landowners |
| plebians | Members of the lower class of Ancient Rome including farmers, merchants, artisans and traders |
| romulus & remos | (Roman mythology) founders of Rome |
| summerians | The first people to build cities and invent legal system, justice code, weapons, writing etc. |
| sappho | first greek woman lyric poet |
| socrates | philosopher who believed in an absolute right or wrong; asked students pointed questions to make them use their reason, later became Socratic method |
| sophocles | great play write, who writes edicus series |
| stoices | believed government was good and no gov= problems |
| torah | first 5 books of the old testiments in the bible |
| ziggurat | a huge mud-brick temple built by the ancient Sumerians |
| Compare and contrast the religions of mes, egyptain, and hebrews | Meso- many gods and goddesess. Egypt- pharoahs and many godesess. hebrew- only one god. meso and egypt grew about same time and both civilizations grew along mighty rivers. Meso- religion was bleak and gloomy. Egypt- gods reflect a positive religion with postive afterlife. Hebrew- did not have the same beliefs as anyone else but they might of had the same laws and customs |
| Without greece and rome no western civ | american political system, like those of many western nations, is profoundly influenced by ideas from geece and rome. greeks didnt have a systematic taxation instead their governments applied taxes generally as needed. Greeks found ways to get items they were unable to produce themselve which they did trading. Rome most people farmed which produced most of what they needed. Rome had taxes to pay for its military and other governmental needs. |
| Greeks glorified order and perfection in various areas | Greeks glorified nature, realism portrayed life in the depths of urban wasteland. The had perfect techniques in drawing, brilliant color and modeling. the perfected in elements like composition, individual expression, adnd human form to paint. |
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