UVM HSF 1 Lymph and Lymphatic vessels
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44 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Right lymphatic duct | everything above nipple line on R side and strait up |
| Thoracic duct | drains all else |
| What are the functions of they lympatic system | CV- retures excess fluid and protein to blood Immune- lymph to nodes Digestive- fat from small intestine to blood |
| Where are lymph capillaries | everywhere except CNS |
| Lymph in comparison with blood capillary | Larger diameter, no pericytes, thin porous basal membrane, no erythrocytes Histologically, RBCs in blood vessels |
| Lymph capillaries structure | greater access than blood capillaries, access for metastasis, and pathogens |
| Valves in lymph | allow one way flow, and many WBC's |
| Lacteals | lymphatic capillaries in intestinal villi provide drainage and transport of lipids to blood strean all drain to the thoracic duct |
| Major lymphatic vessels | Thoracic duct, fed by Chyle cistern and Descending thoracic lympatic trunk Right lymphatic duct, goes to R subclavian |
| peristalsis | sequential contractions of lymphatic vessels by smooth muscles moves lymph |
| Lymphangitis | infection of they lymph vessels extends up lymph vessel from an abscess |
| Antigen | Substance that elicits an immune response Binds to antibodies |
| Antibody: immunoglobulin | Binds to antigens Present in blood lymph secretion, and on B-cells Inactivates antigen directly or tags Ag for inactivation In lymph |
| Plasma cells | are a component of lymph, antibody factories, large golgi app. |
| Resting T or B cell hist | mostly nucleus in cell |
| Effector B cell hist | more RER for creating immunoglobulin |
| Major histocompatability complex MHC | also called HLA Surface proteins that help immune system distinguis self from nonself |
| Two classes MHC | MHC 1 and 2 |
| MHC1 | present on essentially all nucleated cells |
| MHC2 | Found on antigen presenting cells |
| Antigen presenting cells APCs | engage in antigen processing Present antigens as peptide MHC II complexes to T cells |
| APCs | macrophages, dendritic cells, Bcells Mobile cells Not only site for antigen processing other cells can use MHC I |
| Antigen processing | Phagocytize antigen digest antigen in lysosome present small bit in MHC molecules on surface of cell |
| MHC I | has peptide binding sites very variable |
| MHC Peptide binding site | presents antigen |
| Dendritic cells | present antigens, facilitates interaction by increasing SA with processes so many cells can interact w/ T cells |
| Langerhans cell | pale cell in epithelium, need to be at sites of likely infection |
| Lymphocytes | T cells B cells NK cells Large nucleus dark purple with light purple ring |
| T cells | Born in bone marrow, mature in Thymus TTT Antigen receptor : t cell receptor TCR |
| B cells | Born in bone marrow, mature in Bone marrow BBB Antigen receptor: surface immunoglobulin |
| NK cells | Natural Killer cells |
| Lymph Nodes | Bean shaped encapsulated Most 1mm-1cm Not uniformly distributed Filter lymph Facilitate immune responses |
| Lymph nodes | Afferent feeds into node from capsule side Efferent leaves lymphatic via hilum is fed by artery and has vein drainage in hilum Interaction of blood and lymphocytes |
| Parts of a lymph node | Capsule outside Cortex Trabeculae flap going toward medulla Sinus strait flap of CTfollowing capsule Paracortex Medulla Medullary cords Follicle on edges near capsule Hilum feeds into medullary cords |
| Follicle | lighter in center darker in periphery B cells, |
| Para cortex | area without follicles, lots of lyphocyte less cytoplasm Mostly T cells |
| Medullary cords | lighter in color, less lymphocytes |
| Secondary follicle | Mostly B cells |
| Lymphadenopathy | swollen glands can be seen in cat scratch disease |
| Lymphatic drainage of Upper Extremity | Lots of lymphatics in the hands. Infraclavicular: deltopectoral node near cephalic vein Lateral : humeral axillary nodes near axillary vein and basilic vein Epitrochlear : cubital nodes near median cubital vein, cephalic vein, and basilic vein |
| Axillary lymph nodes | lateral Central: deep within axillae Subscapular: posterior Pectoral: anterior Supraclavicular Apical all drain toward R lymphatic duct |
| superficial inguinal lymph nodes | Horizontal group Vertical group |
| Lymphatic drainage of Lower Extremity | Popliteal nodes near popliteal vein on posterior of leg Superficial inguinal nodes |
| Deep inguinal lymph nodes | External iliac nodes near femoral vein superior to inguinal ligament Deep inguinal lymph nodes, deep to and on either side of inguinal ligament |
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