| Term | Definition |
| ethnolinguistics | study of people through their languages |
| Bantu | (current Nigeria) a grouping of more than 500 languages of central and southern Africa, as Kikuyu, Swahili, Tswana, and Zulu, all related within a subbranch of the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Kordofanian family. |
| Swahili | a member of a Bantu people of Zanzibar and the neighboring coast of Africa: Established trade with Arabic states |
| Kilwa | richest city-state on Coastal Central-eastern Africa from 1100 to 1505 |
| Great Zimbabwe | city-state in Central-eastern Africa of the Shona people; center of gold trade with Arabian states |
| malaria | disease carried by mosquitoes often leading to death |
| Kongo Kingdom | located in Central-western Africa on the Atlantic Ocean: rich farming area, center of trade: Portuguese sailors traded in slavery from here |