Photosynthesis
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Created by:
maxinemcgee on October 13, 2011
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61 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 ATP | The energy a cell needs to build molecules or to power cellular respiration |
| two pyruvates, two NADH molecules, and 4 ATOP molecules | Glycolysis yields |
| some of its electrons are excited to a higher energy | When a chlorophyll molecule absorbs light |
| they enter an electron transport chain | when electrons of a chlorophyll molecule are excited to a higher energy level |
| water | the source of oxygen produced during photsynthesis |
| ETC, glycolysis, krebs cycle | What is part of cellular respiration |
| hydrogen ions and excited electrons | NADPH is formed when the electron acceptor NADP combines with |
| the bonds between phosphate groups are broken | ATP released energy when |
| acetly-CoA, the gradual breakdown of a 6-carbon compound, the transfer of a phosphate group to ADP | in the krebs cycle, production of ATP requires |
| sun | The ultimate source of energy for all life on Earth is the |
| cellular respiration | heterotrophs cannot get energy from the sun directly and rely on __ __ to provide energy to function |
| calvin cycle | The ____ ____ begins when a molecule of carbon dioxide is added to a 5-Carbon compound and ends with 3-carbon sugars |
| NAD | During glycolysis, NADH is formed when hydrogen atoms are transferred to an electron acceptor called |
| Oxygen | ___ serves as the final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration |
| autotroph | __ use light energy or inorganic substances to produce organic compounds |
| photosynthesis | ___converts light energy to chemical energy |
| electrons | During photosynthesis, oxygen gas is produced when water molecules are split to provide replacement _____ for pigment molecules |
| heterotrophs | organisms that get energy by consuming food |
| pigments | substance that absorbs light |
| chlorophyll | the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis |
| carotenoids | absorb wavelengths of light different from those absorbed by chlorophyll |
| electron transport chain | the series of molecules down which excited electrons are passed in a thylakoid membrane |
| carbon dioxide fixation | the transfer of carbon dioxide to organic compounds |
| calvin cycle | a series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions that produces a three-carbon sugar molecule |
| aerobic | a process that requires oxygen |
| anaerobic | a process that does not require oxygen |
| krebs cycle | the process by which glucose is broken down to pyruvate |
| glycolysis | a series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions following glycolysis that produces carbon dioxide |
| fermentation | the recycling of NAD under anaerobic conditions |
| thylakoids | disk-shaped structures inside chloroplasts |
| the process of getting energy from food | metabolism |
| burning converts almost all energy in a fuel to heat while cellular respiration released energy in food to produce ATP | cellular respiration vs. burning a log |
| ATP delivers energy wherever energy is needed in a cell | Why is ATP called an energy currency |
| from starch in aseries of enzyme-assisted chemical reaction | How is energy released from ATP |
| ATP breaks down food and stores energy then metabolism gets the energy | How is ATP important to cell metabolism |
| chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids | Pigments are found in plants ...... |
| ATP and NADPH | What is produced in the 2nd stage of photosynthesis |
| the energy from the calvin cycle is supplied from ATP and NADPH which is made in the second stage of photosynthesis | Role of Calvin Cycle in Photosynthesis |
| light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature | 3 environmental factos that affect photosynthesis |
| glycolysis | breakdown of glucose to pyruvate |
| glucose | primary fuel for cellular respiration |
| pyruvate | first stage of cellular respiration, glucose is broken down to |
| ATP is produced as hydrogen ions diffuse into the inner-compartment through a channel protein. Also at the end water molecules are created which serve as the final electron acceptor | products of the ETC in the second stage of cellular respiration |
| alchoholic and lactic acid | Two types of fermentation are |
| NAD | role of fermentation in cellular respiration is to recycle |
| oxygen (aerobic) produces ATP more efficiently even though there are some ATP made without oxygen | cells produce more ATP under aerobic conditions than under anaerobic conditions, why? |
| energy released pumps H to make ATP | when electrons move through the ETC |
| acetyl-CoA formed | coenzyme is joined to a two-carbon group |
| oxygen is given off | water molecules in plants split up |
| when pyruvate gets no oxygen it goes to fermentation then from there lactate and ethanol and carbon dioxide forms | Anaerobic Respiration |
| when pyruvate gets oxygen it goes into the kerbs cycle which produces 2 ATPS then into the ETC which can produce up to 34 ATP | Aerobic Respiration |
| energy is captured (sunlight) by the chemical chlophyll found in producers | stage 1 of photosynthesis |
| Light energy is converted to chemical energy which is stored as ATP and NADPH which is a carrier molecule | Stage 2 of photosynthesis |
| chemical energy is stored in ATP and NADPH to produce the organic compounds needed for survival | Stage 3 of photosynthesis |
| carbon dioxide | Plants need _____ to synthesize |
| Acetyl-CoA combines with a 4 carbon compound, forming a six carbon compound | stage 1 of krebs cycle |
| carbon dioxide is released from the 6carbon compound, forming 5 carbon compound | stage 2 of krebs cycle |
| Carbon dioxide is released from 5 carbon compound forming 4 carbon compound | stage 3 of krebs cycle |
| the four carbon compound is converted to a new 4 carbon compound | stage 4 of krebs cycle |
| the new 4 carbon compound is converted to the 4 carbon compound that began the cycle | stage 5 of krebs cycle |
| chemical pigment, typically green | chlorphyll |
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