1.
17th Amendment: Allowed Americans to vote directly for U.S. senators.
2.
1872 The Credit Mobilier Scandal: The New York sun printed a story about corruption in the U.S. congress.
3.
Bosses: Corrupt political leaders who used bribery and favors to win vote/ elections.
4.
City Planning: They worked with local officials to control city growth. They passed zoning laws, created building safety codes, developed public parks.
5.
Civil Engineers: Planned street paved and bridge-building projects.
6.
Ida Tarbell: Wrote many articles attacking John D. Rockefeller standard Oil Company.
7.
Initiative: Allows voters to propose a new law by getting procedure signatures.
8.
John Dewey: He was a important philosopher and educator who changed American education.
9.
Joseph McCormack: The American medical association was reorganized in 1901.
10.
Muckrakers: Journalists who wrote about corruption in business and politics in order to bring about reform.
11.
Political Machines: Political organization that used legal and illegal means to ensure their candidates won elections.
12.
Pressure Government: Made people aware of whats going on through newspaper.
13.
Progressives: Reformers who worked to solve problems caused by industrial and urban growth.
14.
Recall: Other reform measures allowed voters to call for a action on political issues.
15.
Referendum: Allows voters to approve or disprove a law that has already been proposed or passed by a state or local governments.
16.
Rutherford B. Hayes: A civil war hero they believed to be honest. He promised to reform the civil service.
17.
Samuel J. Tilden: The 1876 campaign he was a candidate who promised to run an honest administration.
18.
Sanitation Engineers: They tried to solve the problems of water supply, waste disposal and pollution.
19.
Ulysses S. Grant: He was elected president in 1868 and re-elected in 1872.
20.
William Marcy Tweed: The Tammany Hall boss had stolen as much as 200 million from the city treasury. Later convicted, however he died in jail.
21.
Wisconsin Idea: Follette developed this, a program of reforms. The program was set to out reduce the influence of political machines and to make a state government more efficient.
