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name 3 branches of government Legislative, Executive, Judicial executive branch the branch of the United States government that is responsible for carrying out the laws; the branch of government, headed by the president, that carries out the nation's laws and policies legislative branch the branch of government that makes the laws. judicial branch The branch of government that interprets laws, the branch of government, including the federal court system, that interprets the nation's laws checks and balances A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power; mediator help resolve issues; independent 3rd party; decision is not legally binding arbitrator help resolve issues; independent 3rd party; decision is legally binding litigation using court to solve an issue general jurisdiction can hear large variety of cases ex trial court limited jurisdiction limited in the cases it can hear, but within that limitation the court can still hear a large variety of cases ex. juvenile court, family court, small claims court specific jurisdiction limited to very specific cases ex. bankruptcy court, bond court summons court order asking the defendant to answer a plaintiff's complaint (if you ignore this you will automatically be found guilty of the complaint)--first step in a civil case subpoena court order demanding that you appear in court to testify as a witness (if you ignore it, you could be found in contempt of court and put in jail without trial) Question of Law decided by judge; is it illegal to not stop at a stop sign? Question of Fact decided by jury; did the defendant come to a full stop? judgement ______ comes from a judge--issuing monetary damages or jail time verdict ____ comes from the jury--simply stating guilty or not guilty, can recommend punishment but cannot set them jury trial trial takes place before a jury bench trial trial takes place only before the judge testimony statement (from witness or defendant); spoken evidence used in court transcripts shorthand typing, records of court/trial writ of execution court order issued if a defendant who lost has not timely paid their monetary damages; court can seize and sell property to generate money voir dire to speak the truth preemptive challenges remove a juror for any reason challenge for cause remove a juror because of an identified bias lowest level courts city/township courts; municipal courts and county courts circuit courts these are the general and original jurisdiction courts for the State state appellate courts they typically have no more than 3 judges decide an appeal; you have a right to one trial at the circuit court level and one appeal (if cause) state supreme court not guaranteed a right to appeal in this level (if it involves a Federal law, then it can be appealed again in the US Supreme Court) steps that occur leading up to a civil jury trial 1. a civil offense is committed 2. plaintiff files a complaint 3. judge orders a summons 4. summons is delivered to defendant 5. defendant answers 6. discovery procedures (gathering of evidences, investigation) 7. deposition of witnesses are taken 8. pretrial hearing 9. jury selection 10. trial begins juvenile court try minors; not to punish; rehabilitation bill of rights The first ten amendments to the Constitution amendments official change, correction, or addition to a law or constitution cybersquatting The act of registering a domain name that is the same as, or confusingly similar to, the trademark of another and then offering to sell that domain name back to the trademark owner.