Networking Chapter 3
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Created by:
saxwrecker on October 16, 2011
Subjects:
it, tech, networking
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109 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 SOHO | small office - home office |
| the internet | network of networks |
| host | network term for device that sends and receives messages directly across the network |
| the host | with a shared peripheral, who is responsible for sharing across the network |
| network devices/media | used to interconnect hosts |
| software installed | will determine if a host is a client, a server, or both |
| servers | the term for hosts that share information, like email |
| client software | internet explorer is considered this type of software |
| yes | can a computer with server software installed provide services simultaneously to 1 or many clients? |
| peer to peer | network that has computers that function as both servers and clients at the same time |
| physical | type of topology uses icons to show where the devices are in the NW |
| logical | type of topology groups devices by how they use the network |
| channel | what is the pathway over which messages travel from source to destination called? |
| protocols | what is another word for communication rules? |
| encoding | the process of converting thoughts into the language, symbols, or sounds, for transmission |
| bits | sending host convert messages to this before it is sent over the network |
| destination host | Which hosts decodes signals to interpret a message? |
| encapsulation | used to describe the process of placing one message format into another format so that the message can be delivered across the appropriate medium |
| not delivered | what happens to frames that are too long or short? |
| flow control | used by source and destination hosts to negotiate correct timing for successful communication |
| unicast | like talking on the phone one person to one person |
| broadcast | type of message sent to all hosts at the same time |
| ethernet | most common set of protocols used on local wired networks - the "unofficial" networking standard protocol |
| 802.3 | the ethernet standard |
| speed in mpbs - 100 megabit | what does the 100 mean when referencing the 100BASE-T ethernet standard? |
| MAC address | address that is burned into the NIC card - used in an ethernet frame header |
| frames | another name for protocol data units (pdu's) |
| frame check sequence | in an ethernet frame, what detects transmission errors? |
| not processed by receiving host | what will happen to a frame that is 23 bytes? |
| broadcast | what type of message is sent to all hosts in a NW? |
| access layer | what layer interconnects the smaller, local networks? |
| internet protocol (IP) | addressing scheme that identifies the local host |
| logical addressing | where the host is located |
| required for computer to communicate with heirarchical network | the purpose of logical addresses in an IP network |
| network address | another name for IP address |
| local network/individual host | two things that an IP address identifies |
| IP address | used to determine if traffic should remain local or moved up through the network? |
| network portion | what part of the IP address do all devices do all devices within a single access layer share? |
| hub or switch | which two networking devices are used to connect hosts to the access layer? |
| routers | usually the distribution layer device |
| transport data quickly | the main goal of the core layer |
| ethernet | type of cable is typical for a point to point cable |
| all other ports | a hub receives a message on one port. Who does it send it to? |
| NIC | what device accepts messages only addressed to the correct MAC address? |
| messages become garbled/unreadable | what happens if two hosts try to send a message at the same time through a hub? |
| collision domain | area of the network where a host receives a garbled message |
| yes | can a switch forward a message to a specific host? |
| MAC | the address the switch checks for in its MAC table |
| new circuit for every new conversation | when using a switch, allows many conversations to occur at the same time without causing collisions |
| uses flooding | when a switch receives a frame addressed to a a new host that is not yet in the mac address table |
| collision domain | every port on a switch is considered this |
| one | how many destination MAC addresses can a message contain? |
| unique mac address | who receives broadcast |
| FFFF.FFFF.FFFF. | the broadcast mac address in hexadecimal notation |
| broadcast domain | another name for a local network |
| MAC | what address does a NIC read? |
| address resolution (ARP) | what protocol does sending host use to find a MAC address on a LAN if it knows the IP address? |
| 3 step process | what does a host do when using ARP, recieves a MAC address? |
| distribution layer | the _____ can filter incoming and outgoing traffic for security and traffic management |
| networks | what do distribution layer devices connect |
| unencapsulate | the technical term for decode |
| IP address of destination and source host | what is inside the router packet? |
| network | the part of the IP address routers read |
| routing table | what table does a router use to make decisions on where a data packet is to be sent |
| routing | what is the process of forwarding the packets towards the destination |
| no | do routers forward broadcast? |
| default gateway address | the address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the source host |
| router | device that routes packets between networks |
| messages cannot be delivered | if default gateway is configured incorrectly on the host, what is the impact on communications |
| address of networks and best path | two things maintained in a routing table |
| dynamically updated of manually entered | two ways entries can be made in a routing table |
| drop it | what does a router do with a packet if it cannot determine where to forward a message? |
| default route | if a router receives a packet that it doesn't know how to forward, this type of route must be configured to prevent dropping |
| MAC address of connected router | if the router must forward a packet to another router, what address will it read? |
| intranet | the private LAN that belongs to an organization |
| integrated devices | device that has multifunction capabilities like a router with switching functionality and a wireless access point |
| must replace whole device | what does "single point of failure" mean if your mutlifunction lynksys router breaks? |
| ISR | integrated services router |
| broadcast domain | device that should have all network IP addresses of the hosts attached to the ports the same |
| ipconfig | will display the current IP configuration in MS windows |
| baseline | what is the first measurement of the network called? |
| yes | in WINXP, is simple file sharing enabled? |
| map a drive | what is it called when you have access to a remote resource and the host treats it like it's locally connected? |
| dedicated networks | like a telephone uses it's own network to communicate |
| converged network | capable of delivering voice, data etc over the same communication channel or network structure |
| hosts | examples are personal computers and network attached printers - end user device |
| shared peripheral | don't communicate directly on the network - rely on connected host to perform network operations - cameras, scanners etc |
| networking devices | connect other devices - mainly host. move and control network traffic. hubs, switches, routers |
| networking media | provides connections between host and network devices - can be wired such as copper and fiber optic |
| two directly connected computers | simplest form of peer-to-peer |
| access method | determines when someone is able to send a message - timing rules based on environment |
| flow control | source and destination hosts use _____ flow control to negotiate correct timing for successful communication |
| response timeout | rules for hosts on a network to specify how long to wait for responses and what action to take |
| unicast | one-to-one message pattern - single destination for the message |
| multicast | one-to-many pattern - same message to a group of host destinations simultaneously |
| broadcast | if all hosts on the network need to receive the message at the same time. one to all message pattern |
| destintaion MAC address | which specific address do NICs use when deciding whether or not to accept a frame? |
| access layer | to provide connections to hosts (end user devices) in a local ethernet network |
| distribution layer | to interconnect the smaller local networks and controls the flow of information |
| core layer | a high-speed connection between distribution layer devices - switches and routers, main goal to transport data quickly |
| switch | unlike a hub, a _____ can forward a message to a specific host |
| MAC address table | contains a list of all active ports and the host MAC addresses that are attached to them |
| router | networking device that connects a local network to other local networks |
| switches | only decode (unencapsulate) the frame containing the MAC address information routers |
| routers | _____ interfaces do not forward messages that are addressed to the broadcast MAC address. As a result, Local network broadcasta are not sent across routers to other local networks. |
| LAN local area network | the term _____ refers to a local network, or a group of interconnected local networks that are under the same administrative control.early days of networking |
| prototype | allows a network admin to test whether or not the planned network will operate as expected |
| switch, router, and access point | integrated services router can perform the function of these devices |
| simple file sharing | _____ can be disabled so that more specific security access levels can be assigned |
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