Ap Gov CH 6 and 10
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passionfruiii on October 16, 2011
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For CH 9: http://quizlet.com/7341557/ch-9-ap-gov-yeaaaaaaaahhhh-flash-cards/
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 demography | science of human populations |
| census | the tool to count and understand demographic changes, first in 1970 |
| political socialization | process where someone learns about politics agents: family, schools, group affiliations, demographic factors, mass media, opinion leaders, events |
| immigration has 2 forms | melting pot: everyone assimilates into one thing salad bowl: everything has its own taste and culture |
| shifting population | weather dependent, moving from cold to warm, media's influence |
| polls | how do people feel about ___? |
| minority majority | America will eventually cease to have a white majority |
| Simpson-Mazzoli Act | employers document their employees (can't be illegal immigrants) |
| sample | part of population chosen to represent all (type of people chosen is more important that how many people are chosen) |
| random sampling | each person has equal chance of being polled |
| George Gallup | developed the use of a sci. polling process |
| exit poll | people stand outside of polling place and ask who you voted for |
| sampling errors | estimation of error (plus or minus X%) |
| bandwagon effect | going with majority |
| random-digit dialing | calls to phone numbers with randomly chosen exchanges |
| political ideology | set of values/beliefs about public policy (ex: adding stoplight at Pierre and La Puente between WHS and SMS) |
| political spectrum | radical (extreme means, extreme change), liberal (individual welfare), moderate (tolerant), conservative (traditional values), reactionary (extreme conservative, ex: Hitler) |
| political participation | the activities citizens do to influence the selection of political leaders or policies |
| protest | political participation through extreme and dramatic ways |
| civil disobedience | consciously break a law that you think is unjust |
| Kent State campus | college students protested the Vietnam war; Ohio National Guard fired at them killing 4 and injuring others (why did we bomb Cambodia as well?) |
| AIDS "Act-Up" | A PAC (political action committee) and an interest group |
| PAC | political action committee, an interest group that works to raise money |
| Wall Street Protests | upset about economy, want to tax rich more |
| legitimacy (ex: election of 1800) | election was universally accepted as a fair and free method of selecting leaders |
| primaries | elections held for picking party nominees (ex: presidential primary is an indirect primary) |
| direct primaries | party nominees are chosen directly by the people (congressional and state) |
| initiative petition | voters can put proposed legislation on the ballot (10% of population signs it) |
| referndum | voters can approve or disapprove legislative act or constitutional amendment |
| Revolution of 1800 | Jefferson won and power was transferred peacefully from fed to anti-fed. |
| Election of 1896 | unlimited coinage of silver was the issue, McKinely won, 80% of people voted |
| Election of 1996 | Clinton's bridge to the future, Dem president but Rep Congress |
| suffrage | right to vote |
| Who votes and who stays home? | 1) voting increases with education 2) young people vote least 3) whites vote more often than minorities (opposite is true for well educated/rich people) 4) northerners vote more often than southerners 5) gov't employees vote much 6) voting is weakly related to gender (more woman than men) |
| voter registration | requiring citizens to register in advance of election day |
| 1993 Motor Voter Act | states allow people to register at the same time they apply for driver's licenses |
| policy differences | differences between each party (ex: Dem will pass environmental legislation more often than Rep) |
| civic duty | you vote anyway even if you're indifferent about the outcome |
| political efficacy | belief that ordinary people can influence the government |
| mandate theory of elections | candidates have a mandate from people to carry out promised policies |
| policy voting | voters' party identification, voters' evaluation of the candidates, match between voters' positions and those of candidates |
| 3 important dimensions of candidate image | integrity, reliability, competence |
| policy voting | vote based on their own issue preferences |
| electoral college | American institution created by Constitution, a body of electors who are in charge of voting for pres and vp |
| 2 things elections do | select policy makers and shape public policy |
| retrospective voting | voters ask "What have you done for me lately?" and support the candidate who has benefited them most |
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