Physiology Ch3
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 what are the four characteristics of the cell membrane? | double layer of phospholipids "gate keeper" (regulate what comes in and out) amphipathic (both polar and non-polar qualities) |
| What model describes the plasma membrane? | Fluid Mosaic. it is a dynamic structure. NOT STATIC. |
| What are the substances that make up the Cell membrane? | lipids proteins |
| What are the different types of lipids that make up the Cell membrane? | Phospholipids Glycolipids Cholesterol |
| Phospholipids | Amphpathic- polar and nonpolar Make up 75% of the C.M. Arranged in a bilayer |
| Glycolipids | 20% of CM Found on the outside of cell facing the ECF Aid in cell adhesion, communication and regulation of cell growth |
| Cholesterol | 5% of CM Strengthens the membrane but reduces flexibility |
| What are the two types of membrane proteins? | Integral peripheral |
| Intergral proteins | extend across the membranec among fatty acids. poke out on both sides. most are Glycoproteins. |
| Peripheral proteins | DO NOT extend though. attached to the inner or outer surface of the membrane. *aid in the function of intergral proteins |
| What is the key concept of proteins? | membrane proteins and Glycoproteins largely reflect the the functions a cell can proform |
| What are the different types of Integral proteins | Marker Receptor Channel Enzyme Transporter(carrier) Linker (MR.CELT)! |
| Channel proteins (Ion Channel) | have pores where substances can easily pass in or out. |
| Transport protein | transports specific substances across CM by changing shape |
| Receptor protien | Recognized specific Lingand and alters cell function. |
| Enzymes | Catalyzes reactions inside or outside CM |
| Linker protein | provide structural stability by anchoring filaments inside or outside CM |
| Markers | Distinguishes one cell from another. Glycolipids and Glycoproteins |
| What are the functions of the Cell membrane? | Cellular communication Est. electrochemical gradient Selective permeability |
| Cellular communication | the cell must communicate w/ other cells, proteins, neurotransmitter, and hormones |
| Est. electrochemical gradient | the CM separates the ECF from the ICF and creates a chemical and electrical difference. |
| ECF | Greater Concentration of Na and Cl |
| ICF | Greater concentration K cations and PO4 anions. is more negative than the ECF |
| membrane potential | the difference in charges btwn the 2 sides of the CM create a Voltage Difference. for most cells -20mV and -200mV |
| what are the four major factors that determine membrane permeability? | lipid solubility charge (Ion) size presence of channels or transports |
| Passive transport | no energy required Simple Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated diffusion |
| Active transport | energy required Primary ATP Secondary ATP |
| Vesicular transport | Exocytosis Endocytosis Phagocytosis Pinocytosis |
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