Atoms
About this set
Created by:
jsaul on October 17, 2011
Classes:
Script: English for Sciences, DSST: Cole - 6th Grade Science, Integrated Science VGW, Bradwell Institute Science, 7th grade Science
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 atom | the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element |
| electrons | negatively charged particles found outside the nucleus |
| nucleus | the positively charged dense center of an atom |
| electron clouds | the regions inside an atom where electrons are likely to be found |
| orbitals | A region in an atom in which an electron of a particular amount of energy is most likely to be located |
| protons | positively charged particles located in the nucleus |
| neutrons | the particles of the nucleus that have no charge |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotopes | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| radioactive | Unstable isotopes |
| mass number | the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic nucleus |
| atomic mass | the weighted average of the masses of the isotopes of an element |
| period | a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
| group | Vertical column of elements in the periodic table |
| metals | left of the zigzag line, shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductors of electric current, good conductors of thermal energy |
| nonmetals | elements that are usually dull in appearance, poor conductors of heat and electricity, gases at room temperature |
| metalloids | elements that have characteristics of metals and nonmetals |
| alkali metals | the elements of Group 1 of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium) |
| alkaline earth metals | less reactive than alkali metals; found in Group 2 of Perodic Table |
| transition metals | the metallic elements located in groups 3-12 of the periodic table |
| halogens | the elements of Group 17 (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine) |
| noble gases | Contains nonmetals that are unreactive. Full outermost energy level except helium which has 2. |
| element | a pure substance made of only one kind of atom |
| mixture | A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
| solution | a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed |
| solute | substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution |
| solvent | substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution; water is a universal one |
| concentration | a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent |
| solubility | the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure |
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