| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Atom | smallest particle of an element that still has all of the properties of that element |
| Elements | single substances that can not be broken down into simpler substances. Many of the same atoms |
| Chemical Symbol | letter or letters representing an element (Example H,C,O,Fe,Cu) |
| Compound | the chemical combination of two or more elements (Example H2O) |
| Molecule | smallest part of a compound which still has all of the properties of that compound. Chemical bonds hold the atoms in a molecule together. (Example – One __________ of H2O is the least amount of water you can have) |
| chemical bonds | In general, the more ___________ _______ a molecule has the more energy it contains |
| organic | always contain carbon--especially in C-C and C-H bonds--associated with living things and their products |
| inorganic | usually lack carbon--when carbon is present it is usually combined with oxygen |
| Formula | shows the composition of a compound |
| Structural Formula | indicates the kinds of atoms in a molecule, their proportions, and |
| Molecular formula | indicates the actual nos. and kinds of atoms in a molecule --does NOT indicate structural setup |
| Empirical Formula | shows the symbols of the elements in a compound followed by small subscript numbers showing the ratio of atoms in the compound |
| Acids | substances which ionize into positively charged hydrogen ions in a water solution (H+ ions). FROM 1 TO 6.9 ON THE PH SCALE ex. HCl ---- H+ + Cl- |
| Acids | turns litmus paper blue and usually taste sour. |
| Bases | ionize into negatively charged hydroxide ions in a water solution (OH-) FROM 7.1-14 ON THE PH SCALE ex. KOH ---- K+ + OH- |
| Bases | turns litmus blue, and usually feel slippery to touch and taste bitter. |
| Dehydration Synthesis | chemical combination of two small molecules to make another larger molecule with water being driven off |
| Hydrolysis | addition of water to a larger molecule to form two or more smaller molecules -- opposite of dehydration synthesis |
Combine with other sets
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