| Term | Definition |
|---|
| sovereignty | supreme or ultimate political authority |
| unitary system | a system in which sovereignty is wholly in the hands of the national government |
| federal system | a system in which sovereignty is shared between the national and the state goverments |
| William H.Riker | individual who argues the main effect of federalism since the Civil War has been to perpetuate racism |
| necessary-and-proper clause | the phrase used by the Supreme Court to create the category of implied powers of the national government |
| grants-in-aid | federak funds provided to states and localities |
| Daniel J. Elazar | individual who argues federalism has contributed to political flexibility and individual liberty |
| model cities | a program proposed in the 1960s to give federal funds to a small number of large cities with acute problems |
| mandates | federal rules that the states must follow, whether they receive federal grants or not |
| conditions of aid | federal rules that states must follow if they choose to receive the federal grants with which the rules are associated |
| intergovernmental lobby | an interest group make up of mayors, governors, and other state and local officials who depend on federal funds |
| AFDC | program to distribute welfare benefits that was formerly federally funded then devolved to the states in 1996 |
| devolution | an effort to shift responsibility for a wide range of domestic programs from Washington to states |
| referendum | a procedure that enables voters to reject a measure adopted by the legislature |
| initiatve | directly on the ballot |
| second-order devolution | refers to a flow of power and responsibility from the states to local governments |
| revenue sharing | a federal grant that requires no matching funds and provides freedom in how to spend it |
| 3-order devolution | refers to the increased role of nonprofit organizations and private groups in policy implementation |
Combine with other sets
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