| Term | Definition |
|---|
| replication | another term for DNA synthesis |
| rRNA | ribosomes are made p of two subunits: proteins and |
| cytosine | nitrogenous base that bonds with guanine |
| DNA | Nucleic acid that carries the genetic code of an organism |
| -ase | Suffix that identifies a substance as an enzyme |
| uracil | Nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA |
| codon | Code word formed by three nitrogenous bases on a strand of mRNA |
| RNA | Single-stranded nucleic acid |
| transformation | Process in which a basterial cell takes in DNA released by a different bacterial cell |
| adenine | Nitrogenous base ta bonds with thymine |
| translation | the process of decoding mRNA into a protein |
| transcription | Process by which a molecule of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA |
| enzyme | protein molecule that can speed up a chemical reaction |
| AUG | initiator codon |
| nucleotides | molecular units that join to form DNA |
| guanine | nitrogenous base taht bonds with cytosine |
| thymine | nitrogenous base belonging to the pyrimidine group |
| anticodon | three nitrogenous bases on a strand of tRNA |
| mRNA | molecule that carries the genetic informationh from the nucleus to the cytoplasm |
| tRNA | molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosomes |
| base | type of pairing that holds together that two strands of DNA |
| GCA | transcript CGT into mRNA |
| UCA | transcript AGT into mRNA |
| ACC | transcript UGG into tRNA |
| protein; nucleus | Messenger RNA carries the instructions to make a particular___from the DNA in the ___ to the ribosomes. |
| transcritpion | The process of producing mRNA from instructions in the DNA is called___. |
| nucleotides | Free RNA___pair with the exposed bases. |
| thymine | There is no___(T) in RNA. |
| uracil | ___(U) pairs with adenine instead. |
| ribose | RNA contains the sugar___ instead of deoxyribose. |
| hydrogen bonds; nucleotides | The mRNA molecule is completed by the formation of ___ between the RNA___, and it then separates from the DNA. |
| single | The mRNA molecule is a ___ strand, unlike DNA. |
| ribosome | Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell? |
| Crick; Watson | The structure of DNA was determined by___and___. |
| double helix | They determined that the DNA molecule was shaped like a ___. |
| 2; DNA | As a result of replication, ___ identical molecules of___are produced. |
| nucleotides | A gene is a sequence of___in a DNA molecule. |
| Avery, McCarthy, MacLeod | scientists who repeated Griffith's work looking for this factor... |
| core; coat | Bacteriophages are made of DNA___and protein___. |
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