| Term | Definition |
| Boer War | War between the Boers (Dutch settlers)and the British for control of South Africa. Great Britain won. |
| Suez Canal | Linked the Mediterranean and Red Sea. Reason that Egypt was desired territory. |
| Berlin Conference | European powers met and divided Africa peacefully amongst themselves. |
| Ethiopia | Only African nation to successfully fight off a European power (Italy) and stay independent. |
| Egypt | Controlled by France & Great Britain. Important because of location near Suez Canal. |
| Congo | Area in central Africa conquered by Belgium which started the "Scramble for Africa" |
| Indian National Congress | Indian nationalist group formed to work for rights and power for Indians under British rule. |
| Opium War | War between Great Britain and China over British smuggling of opium. Britain wins, leading to the weakening of the Chinese government. |
| Boxer Rebellion | A Chinese nationalist group tried to drive out the foreigners but was defeated by an international army. |
| Matthew Perry | American who took a fleet of warships to Japan to reopen Japanese trade for the first time in centuries. |
| Russo-Japanese War | War that signaled Japan's entrance as a world power and imperialist nation. |
| Mughal Empire | Rulers of India until the mid 1700s. |
| Shogun | Warlord of Japan. Lost power in the Meiji Restoration. |