| Term | Definition |
| binomial nomenclature | classification system in which each organism is given a 2-part scientific name |
| taxonomy | science of naming organisms and assigning them to groups |
| taxon | group into which organisms are classified |
| species | group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can interbreed with one another to produce offspring |
| genus | group of closely related species |
| family | group of closely related genera |
| order | group of closely related families |
| class | group of closely related orders |
| phylum | group of closely related classes |
| kingdom | group of closely related phyla |
| Monera | kingdom that includes prokaryotic organisms |
| Protista | kingdom that includes all single cell eukaryotic organisms |
| Fungi | kindom that includes heterophic organisms that build cell walls that typically do not contain cellulose |
| Plantae | kingdom that includes multicellular autotrophic organisms |
| Animalia | kingdom that contains multicellular heterotrophic organisms whose cells lack cell walls |