Biology Chapters 1-4 Study Guide
Order by
66 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Scientists use observations and data to form and test | Hypotheses |
| During an experiment, which factors are observed and measured? | Dependent variables |
| At which stage of scientific thinking (Forming hypotheses, testing hypotheses, analyzing data, evaluation results, or observing) are scientists most likely to consider the data and conclusions of other scientists to propose new experiments | Forming hypotheses |
| Which phrase best describes scientific theories | Are never proven |
| The various parts of Earth's biosphere are connected and... | Diverse |
| The variety of life across the biosphere | Biodiversity |
| Similar organisms that can reproduce by interbreeding belong to the same | Species |
| All the chemical processes used to build up or break down materials are called an organism's | metabolism |
| What is the name for genetic changes in living things over time? | Evolution |
| A physical environment with different species that interact with one another and with nonliving things | Ecosystem |
| Organisms rely on both negative feedback processes and behavior to maintain | Homeostasis |
| How have computer models expanded biological research? | They stimulate complex biological systems that cannot be studied directly |
| The study and manipulation of DNA on a molecular level is known as | Molecular genetics |
| Exploring how indoor air pollutants lead to respiratory problems is an example of using biology to | Improve human health |
| The smallest basic unit of matter is the | Cell |
| Formed when an atom gains or loses electrons | Ion |
| Atoms in molecules share pairs of electrons when they make | Covalent Bonds |
| Gives water many properties that are important to living things | Hydrogen Bonds |
| What is unique about carbon? | Bonding properties |
| Four main types of carbon-based molecules in organisms are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and | Proteins |
| Both animal fat and plant oils are made up of glycerol and | Fatty acids |
| Substances are changed into different substances when bonds break and form during | Chemical reactions |
| Chemical reactions that absorb more energy than they release are called | Endothermic |
| The activation energy needed for a chemical reaction is decreased by a... | Catalyst |
| Aspect of the chemical reaction that is affected by enzymes | Rate |
| A major principle upon which cell theory is based | All organisms are made of cells |
| Organelle that is the storehouse for most of a cell's genetic information | Nucleus |
| Best describes rough ER | studded with ribosomes |
| An organelle that supplies energy to the cell | Mitochondria |
| An organelle that contains enzymes that break down old cell parts | Lysosomes |
| An organelle that are unique to plant cells | Chloroplasts |
| A process that occurs inside the chloroplasts | Photosynthesis |
| A protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response is called a.. | Receptor |
| A solution that is hypotonic to a cell has... | Fewer solutes than the cell |
| Transport proteins play a role in both | Passive and active transport |
| Process that requires no energy from the cell | Facilitated diffusion |
| Organelles that are involved in the process called endocytosis | Vesicles |
| Process that occurs when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents outside the cell | Exocytosis |
| A hydrogen atom that loses its electrons and becomes positively charged is called a... | Ion |
| Property of water that helps cells maintain a constant temperature, even when chemical reactions release energy | Specific heat |
| Type of carbon-based molecule that is the first to be broken down by your cells to provide a source of energy | Carbohydrate |
| Organelle that converts molecules from the food you eat into usable energy | Mitochondrion |
| Plant cells have this but animal cells do not | Chloroplasts |
| Cells can be separated into two main categories, eukaryotic and prokaryotic, based on their... | Internal structures |
| The chemical reactions that take place inside cells require water to act as a... | Solvent |
| Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction because it... | Absorbs more energy than it releases |
| ATP | Adenosine Tri-Phosphate |
| ADP | Adenosine Di-Phosphate |
| CO₂ | Carbon Dioxide |
| H₂O | Dihydrogen Monoxide (not water) |
| C₆H₁₂O₆ | Sugar or Carbohydrates |
| O₂ | Oxygen |
| NADP | Nicotinarnide Adenine Dinveleotide Phosphate |
| NADPH | Nicotinamide Adenine Dinveleotide Phosphate Oxidase |
| H₂ | Hydrogen Gas |
| phl | Per Hydonium |
| Photo | Light |
| Synthesis | To Put Together |
| Tri | Three |
| Di | Two |
| Mono | One |
| Glyco | Sweet |
| Lysis | To loosen |
| Iso | Equal |
| Hypo | Lower |
| Hyper | Higher |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.