Anthro test 3
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Upper Paleolithic | The last part (10,000-40,000 years ago) of the old stone age, featuring tool industries characterized by long slim blades. |
| Cro-Magnon | A european of the upper paleolithic after about 36,000 years ago |
| Burin | A stone tool with chisel-like edges used for working bone and antler. |
| Entopic Phenomena | Bright pulsating forms that are generated by the central nervous system and seen in states of trance. |
| Paleoindian | The earliest inhabitants of North America |
| Atlatl | Spear thrower, allowed upper paleolithic individuals to throw spears at animals from a safe distance while still maintaining reasonable speed and accuracy |
| Sahul | The greater Australian landmass including australia, new guinea and tasmania. At times of maximum glaciations and low sea levels, these areas were continuous. |
| Neolithic | The new stone age; prehistoric period beginning about 10,000 years ago in which people possessed stone-based technologies and depended on plants and/or animals. |
| Natufian | A mesolithic culture living in the lands that are now Israel, Lebanon and western Syria between 10,200 and 12,500 years ago |
| Mesolithic | The middle stone age period between the end of the paleolithic and the start of the neolithic; referred to as archaic cultures in the americas. |
| Microlith | A small blade of flint or similar stone, several of which were hafted together in wooden handles to make tools; widespread in the mesolithic |
| Domestication | An evolution process where by humans modify either intentionally or unintentionally the genetic make-up of a population of plants and animals sometimes to the extent that the members of a population are unable to survive and/or reproduce without human assistance. |
| Vegeculture | The cultivation of domesticated root crops, such as yams and taro |
| Horticulture | Cultivation of crops carried out with simple hand tools such as digging sticks or bones |
| Agriculture | The cultivation of food plants in soil prepared and maintained for crop production. Involves using technologies other than hand tools, such as irrigation, fertilizers, and the wooden or metal plow pulled by harnessed draft animals |
| Pastoralism | Breeding and managing large herds of domesticated grazing and browsing animals such as goats, sheep, cattle, horses, llamas or camels |
| Mesoamerica | The region encompassing central and southern mexico and northern central america. |
| Civilization | In anthropology a type of society marked by the presence of cities, social classes, and the state |
| Bronze Age | In the old world, the period marked by the production of tool and ornaments of bronze, began about 5,000 years ago in China and southwest asia and about 500 years earlier in southeast asia. |
| Grave Goods | Items such as utensils, figurines and personal possessions symbolically placed in the grave for the deceased person's use in the afterlife |
| Race | In biology a subspecies of a population of a species differing geographically, morphologically or genetically from other populations of the same species; not applicable to people because the division of humans into discrete types does not represent the true nature of human biological variation. In some societies race is an important social category. |
| Racism | A doctrine of superiority by which one group justifies the dehumanization of others based on their distinctive physical characteristics. |
| Medical Anthropology | A specialization in Anthropology that combines theoretical and applied approaches from cultural and biological anthropology. With the study of human health and diseases. |
| Evolutionary Medicine | An approach to human sickness and health combining principles of evolutionary theory and human evolutionary history. |
| Structural Violence | Physical and/or psychological harm caused by impersonal, exploitative and unjust social, political and economic systems. |
| Epicanthic Eye Fold | a fold of skin at the inner corner of the eye that covers the true corner of the eye. |
| Lactose | A sugar that is the primary constituent of fresh milk |
| Medical System | A patterned set of ideas and practices relating to illness. |
| Prion | An infectious protein lacking any genetic material but capable of causing the reorganization and destruction of other proteins. |
| Health Disparity | A difference in the health status between the wealthy elite and the poor in stratified societies. |
| Melanin | The chemical responsible for dark sin pigmentation that helps protect against damage from ultra violet radiation. |
| Lactase | An enzyme in the small intestine that enable humans to assimilate lactose. |
| Disease | Refers to a specific pathology, a biological or physical abnormality |
| Medical Pluralism | The presence of multiple systems, each with its own practices and beliefs in a society |
| Illness | The meanings and elaborations given to a particular state. |
| Ecosystem | A system or a functioning whole composed of both the natural environment and all the organisms living within it. |
| Cultural Evolution | Cultural change over time; not to be confused with progress |
| Culture Area | A geographic region in which a number of societies follow similar patterns of life |
| Agribusiness | Large scale businesses involved in food production including farming contract farming seed supply agrichemicals, farm machinery, distribution, processing and marketing, Also known as corporate farming, it stands in contrast to smaller family-owned farms. |
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