Anatomy Cartilage Bone Connective Tissue (formal)
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 cartilage | has a semisolid extracellular matrix / mature cartilage cells are called chondrocytes / provides support & can w/stand deformation |
| Chondrocytes | occupy small spaces enclosed by their extracellular matrix called lacunea |
| Hyaline Cartilage | most common type and also the weakest, forms fetal skeleton, present at the ends of bones that articulate with each other and in the trachea, larynx, and nose |
| Fibrocartilage | densely interwoven collagen fibers contribute to the dirability of this cartilage / intervertebral disc, pubic symphysis and the menisci of the knee joint acting as a shock absorber and resisting compression of the knee joint) |
| Elastic Cartilage | elastic fibers are main feature of this cartilage / epiglottis and external ear; both structures need to bend and snap back to original form) |
| articulations | joints |
| Interstitial Growth | growth from within the cartilage itself |
| Appositional Growth | growth along the outside edge of the cartilage |
| Interstitial Growth (Step 1) | Chondrocytes housed in lacunae undergo mitotic cell division; and the result is 2 condrocytes in 1 lacuna |
| Interstitial Growth (Step 2) | These cells each begin to synthesize and secrete their own extracellular matrix; and are now separated from each other by a matrix border |
| Interstitial Growth (Step 3) | The result is two chondroxytes, two lacunae and more extracellular matrix |
| Appositional Growth (Step 1) | Stem cells along the internal edge of the pericondrium begin to divide into chondroblasts |
| Appositional Growth (Step 2) | Chondroblasts at the edge of the old cartilage begin to produce extracellular matrix and differentiate into chodrocytes and form new lacunae and add to the already existing matrix |
| Bone | are complex and dynamic organs that are comprised of all 4 tissue / predominant tissue type is connective |
| Calcification | deposits of minerals in the matrix |
| Hemopoiesis | production of Red Blood Cells |
| Red Bone Marrow | the production of RBC occurs in a connective tissue called |
| Yellow Bone Marrow | is the fatty tissue degenerate of red bone marrow in children |
| Long bones | greather lenght than width; most common bone shape |
| Flat bones | flat thin surfaces |
| Irregular bones | elaborate, complez shapes |
| Diaphysis | the elongated, usually cylindrical shaft |
| Epiphysis | knobby region at each end; enlarged to strenghthen the joint & provide added surface for the attachment of tendons and ligaments; it's composed of an outer layer (compact bone) and an inner layer (spongy bone) |
| Metaphysis | region in bome between diaphysis and epiphysis containing epiphyseal (growth) plate in adults |
| Epiphyseal Line | the epiphyseal plate |
| Articular Cartilage | thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphyseal surface at a joing surface; reduces friction and is a shock absorber |
| Medullary Marrow Cavity | hollow, cynindrical space within the diaphysis containing yellow bone marrow |
| Endosteum | layer of cells that covers all the internal surface of the bone (medullary cavity) |
| Periosteum | tough, irregular dense connective tissue, covers most of the external surfaces of the bone (exept articular cartilage) / is anchored to the bone by Perforating Fibers which run perpendicular to the diaphysis |
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