Chapter 4 Study Guide
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Created by:
NotGuilty023 on October 20, 2011
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 1st Amendment | freedom of speech, religion, the press, assembly, petition |
| 2nd Amendment | right to bear arms |
| 3rd Amendment | protections from the quartering act, meaning that citizens can not be forced to house the military |
| 4th Amendment | protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures" |
| 5th Amendment | no one can be put on trial for a serious crime without an indictment, protects against double jeopardy, and the accused has the right to remain silent, protects the "due process" (life,liberty or property) and eminent domain |
| 6th Amendment | accused must be told the exact charges against them, they may request a trial and it must be speedy and public, also if the accused can not afford a lawyer, there will be one appointed to them. |
| 7th Amendment | guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil cases if the amount of money is more than $20. |
| 8th Amendment | forbids "excessive bail" and cruel and unusual punishment |
| 9th Amendment | makes it clear that the American citizens have other rights that are not listed but are just as important as the ones listed and may not be taken away. |
| 10th Amendment | addresses any powers that the Constitution does not specifically give to the national government are reserved for the states or to the people. |
| civil liberties | the freedoms we have to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment |
| Censorship | when the government can not ban printed materials or films merely because they contain alarming or offensive ideas and cannot censor information before it is published or broadcast. |
| Petition | a formal request |
| Slander | spreading lies that can harm a person's reputation |
| Libel | spreading printed lies that can harm a person's reputation |
| Search warrant | a court order allowing law enforcement officers to search a suspect's home or business and take specific items as evidence. |
| Indictment | a formal charge by a group of citizens |
| Grand jury | a group of citizens who review the evidence against the accused. |
| Double jeopardy | when people are accused of a crime and judged not guilty may not be put on trial again for the same crime. |
| Due process | following established legal procedures. |
| Eminent domain | the right of the government to take private property for public use. |
| Bail | a sum of money used as a security deposit |
| Manumission | the voluntary freeing of enslaved persons, especially those who had fought in the Revolution. |
| Suffrage | the right to vote |
| poll taxes | a sum of money that must be paid before voter can cast a vote. |
| discrimination | unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group |
| segregation | social separations of the races |
| civil rights | the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law. |
| affirmative action | programs that encouraged the hiring and promoting of minorities and women in fields that were traditionally closed to them. |
| racial profiling | being singled out as suspects because of the way they look. |
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