Data

Copy and paste the text below. It is read-only. Select All

tissue, function, origin _______is a group of cells that usually has a common ______ and ______ ECMN (epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve) what are the four tissue types? histology ______ is the study of tissues. pathology _______ is the study of how cells and tissues change structurally and functionally because of disease to helps make accurate diagnoses. blastocyst FERTILIZATION: the zygote divides until it becomes a hallow ball of cells called a __________. hypoblast, epiblast week two after fertilization, the blastocyst differentiate into two types called the _______ (primitive endoderm) and _______ (primitive ectoderm). bilaminar embryonic disc The double membrane formed where these two cavities inside the blastocyst touch is called the ________. epiblast, trilaminar disc week three after fertilization, at the bilaminar embryonic disc, cells from the ______ migrate into the bilaminar space forming a third, middle layer called the _________consisting of three primary germ layers mesoderm The new middle layer of the trilaminar disc is called the ________ and consists of more loosely organized connective tissue. trilaminar embryonic disc, ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm (re tissue origin) within the third week the __________ is formed and consists of 3 primary germ layers; ______, _______, _______ ectoderm (meaning outside, this layer was the was epiblast) (re tissue origin) the _______ layer gives rise to the nervous system (response to stimulous outside the body), epidermis of skin, hair, nails oral, anal, nasal epithelium, etc... mesoderm (meaning middle) (re tissue origin) the _______ layer gives rise to all skeletal and cardiac muscle and most smooth muscle, all connective tissue, epithelial lining of blood and lymphatic vessels, epithelium of kidneys, ureters, ventral body cavities, etc... endoderm (meaning inside, this layer ws the hypoblast) the _______ layer gives rise to epithelium that lines gut (except oral, anal),respiratory system (not cavity), etc... endoderm epithelium that lines the gut and respiratory cavities comes from ______ ectoderm epithelium that lines cavities open to the outside: nose, skin, oral, anal comes from ______ mesoderm epithelium that lines tubes where connective tissues flow (i.e. blood and lymph) & kidneys, ureters and other ventral cavities comes from the ______ cell junction a _______ is a contact point between the plasma membrane of tissue cells. adherens, desmosome, hemidesmosome, gap, tight There are five types of cell junctions: Three anchoring junctions: _____, ______, _____ and two other junctions: ______ and _______ gap _______ junctions facilitate communication between cells through chemical and electrical signals. gap ________junctions allow transfer of nutrients and waste between cells. gap _______junctions enable rapid nerve or muscle impulses to spread (important in contraction of muscles for example) gap _________ junctions, found in smooth and cardiac muscle help speed up muscle response gap _________ junctions are found in embryo gap _________ junctions are found in epithelium gap _________ junctions are found in osteocytes (bone cells) gap _________ junctions are found in nervous tissue (rapid electrical communication) connexins ______ are membrane proteins that make up the connexon; gap connexons are found in ________ junctions connexons ______ are the tiny fluid filled tunnels that connect neighboring cells (gap junction); allows communication of the cells that are close together. gap, desmosome ___ and ____ junctions are found in cardiac muscle tight the main function of _____junctions is to isolate and prevent leaking. tight _____junctions are found lining the gut and urinary bladder tight _____junctions isolate sperm in the testes because otherwise the bodies immune system would detect them as different and destroy them. tight _____ junctions are formed by web-like strands of transmembrane proteins tight ______junctions look like cells are stitched together tight _____ junctions are in areas where the cells are separated from one another completely; no communication; sealed off / prevents leaking. ex: testes, stomach, bladder, small intestines. desmosome, heidesmosome and adherens the three type of anchoring junctions are: _____, ______, _____ junctions desmosome _______ junctions are like buttons of adherens junctions but with keritin protein filiments on top. desmosome _______ junctions are like velcro buttons that join to intermediate filaments in cytoplasm desmosome and adherens the plaque in ______ and ______ junctions is cadherin protein desmosome ________junctions join right through a cell to cells on opposite sides desmosome ______ junctions join cells to each other desmosomes ______ are like "extra buttons" to add extra support / strength; holds tissues together in high friction areas. ex: skin and heart are high friction areas. hemidesmosome ______ junctions are half desmosome junctions that found all over the body hemidesmosome junctions attach cells to BASEMENT MEMBRANE not other neighboring cells hemidesmosome and desmosome _____ and ______ junctions have keritin protein filiments on outside. plaque ______ is a bunch of proteins that form on the outside surface of cells at cell junctions hemidesmosome ________ junctions have a TRANSMEMBRANE protein integrin that attaches to the protein laminin (found in basement membranes) hemidesmosome ______ junctions are found widely in the body keratin _______ is an insoluble protein found in intermediate filaments and in DESMOSOME junctions adherens ______ junctions resist separation during muscle contraction adherens _______ junctions attach to microfiliments in the cytoskeleton adherens _______ junctions are formed by thick 'belts' of glycoprotein with actin microfilament 'stripes' forming around cell cadherins ______ is a glycoprotein found in desmosomes and adherens junctions adherens junctions are found in epithelial tissue that must resist separation during slow, continuous muscle contraction (e.g. digestion) desmosome ____ junctions are found in the heart to prevent separation under tension desmosome ____ junctions are found in the skin to prevent separation under tension gap ____ junctions are found in the skin to facilitate communication and exchange of nutrients mesoderm the MESODERM/ENDODERM/ECTODERM layer gives rise to muscle mesoderm the ____ layer of the trilaminar disc gives rise to all connective tissue mesoderm ________ embryonic cells become the epithelium of the kidneys, ureters and ventral body cavities germ the trilaminar disc has three ______ layers merocrine glands that liberate their secretions by exocytosis through their cell membrane are classified as ____ simple cuboidal The follicles of the thyroid gland are made up of which type of epithelium? areolar connective When you separate the various organs, blood vessels, and muscles from each other during a dissection, you are destroying ________ tissue brown fat What generates considerable heat that probably helps maintain proper body temperature in newborn infants? dense regular connective tissue What tissue forms tendons and ligaments? osteocytes Which of the following is a part of the bone matrix? platelets, osteocytes, chrondrocytes, columnar cells