| Term | Definition |
| demography | is the study of populations, but most ofter refers to the study of human populations. |
| age structure | the distribution of ages in a specific population |
| survivorship | the percentagbe of members ofa group that are likely to survive to any given age |
| fetility rate | the number of babies borned each year per 1000 woemen |
| migration | the movement of individuals from 1 area to another area (out) |
| emigrationo | movement of individuals into an area |
| life expectancy | average number of years a person is likely to live |
| demographic transition | a model that describes changes in populations |
| infrastructure | is basic facilities and services that support a community such as public water supplies, roads hospitals |
| arable land | land that can be used to grow crops |
| urbanization | any area that is considered to in a city |
| least developed countries | countries that show few signs of development and in some cases increasing death rates |