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knowledge of sounds phonetics knowledge of sound patterns phonology knowledge of words morphology study of the structure of words and the rules/processes by which words are formed morphology noun, verb, preposition, article, adjective, adverb syntactic category mental dictionary lexicon what a word roots from etymology the spelling of a word orthography every word we know has a...? lexical entry all the words you know, and all of the information associated with the word mental dictionary what can our performance on the wug test tell us? we know s means plural, know how to generate these plurals smallest linguistic unit that has either a meaning or grammatical function morpheme morphemes can combine to form...? complex or multi morphemes morphemes are not words two types of morphemes free and bound free morphemes can stand alone bound morphemes can not stand alone two types of free morphemes lexical or functional two types of bound morphemes inflectional or derivational lexical morphemes have lexical meaning lexical morphemes are open class examples of lexical morphemes nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs why are lexical morphemes open class we can freely add new members functional morphemes... serve some functional purpose functional morphemes are closed class why are functional morphemes closed class we don't add new members examples of functional morphemes articles, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliaries, pronouns functional morphemes are missing which makes communication difficult genie, broca's patient bound morphemes are fixed to a root four types of affixes prefixes, suffixes, infix, circumfixion prefixes come at beginning of word suffixes come at end of word infixes come at middle of word, fing infixation circumfixes surrounds the root, both initially and finally inflectional morphemes possessive, plural, 3rd person singular present, progressive, past tense, past participle, superlative, comparative derivational morphemes able, ness, de, re, can be prefix or suffix the, a articles and, or conjunctions in, on prepositions can, will auxiliary she, they pronoun