Greek Philosophy + Democracy
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41 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What does it mean to be? (5 answers) | 1) All things have matter. 2) All beings have unity (or Unity of being). 3) Two things cannot occupy the same space. 4) A being cannot give its existence to another being. 5) A being must have multiplicity (many beings) |
| All beings are made up of two possibilities (explain) | 1) Actual- how you are existing now 2) Potential-what a thing can be (not all things have the same potential) a thing that does not exist, can exist but doesn't have to. |
| Why are there many beings? | no single existant (being) so enjoys (has) being so as to prevent other beings from enjoying (having) being. =no being has all of existence. |
| Accident | anything doesn't have anything to do with the existence of another being. |
| Orpheus Cult | 6th century B.C., taught liberation of the soul after death. |
| Socrates |  479-399 B.C, fought in the Peloponnesian war and developed the Socratic method (question/answer). |
| 4 quotes of Socrates | +"Life unexamined is not worth living." +"The great business of life is the care and tendance of your soul." +"Know thyself before all else." +Happiness and power should not be sought out for yourself but to be used wisely" |
| Plato |  427-347 B.C, Socrates' student, Believed that anything that is has common characteristics of things of a like kind= Definition |
| Plato's two works | 1) The Republic 2) The Dialogues |
| Aristotle |  384-322 B.C, A Biologist Believed that All things are made up of Prime Matter and form, That everything you see, smell, ect is real. Taught alexander the Great and did not agree with Plato. |
| According Aristotle; Liberty... | depends on a middle class: both the rich and the poor will use their strength against freedom. |
| True or False : Aristotle was religious | False. He did not believe in a higher power nor did he believe in Imortality |
| Pax Romana | "Roman peace" , A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180. |
| The Julian Emperors | Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero; descendants of Caesar |
| Tiberius | son-in-law of Augustus who became a suspicious tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career (14-37 A.D) |
| Caligula | Roman Emperor who succeeded Tiberius and whose uncontrolled passions resulted in manifest insanity. name meant "little boot", tried to imitate soldiers, (37-41 A.D) |
| Claudius | Roman Emperor after his nephew Caligula was murdered (41-54 A.D) |
| Nero | Roman Emperor notorious for his monstrous vice and fantastic luxury (was said to have started a fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64) but the Empire remained prosperous during his rule (54-68) |
| Roman Formal Language | Latin |
| Roman Casual Language | Greek |
| Vespasian | Emperor of Rome and founder of the Flavian dynasty who consolidated Roman rule in Germany and Britain and reformed the army and brought prosperity to the empire (69-79 A.D) |
| Titus | general (and later Emperor) who destroys the 2nd Temple in 70 AD (78-81 A.D) |
| Domitian | was a hard-working ruler, took interest in military and talked about himself in the 3rd person. (81-96 A.D) |
| The Good Emperors | 5 emperors that ruled rome at a height during the pax romana, nerva, trajan, hadrian, antinious pius, marcus aurelius |
| Trajan (117-138 A.D) | Roman emperor and adoptive son of Nerva |
| Nerva (96-98 A.D) | Emperor of Rome who introduced a degree of freedom after the repressive reign of Domitian |
| Hadrian (98-117 A.D) | Roman Emperor who was the adoptive son of Trajan |
| Antonius Pius (138-161 A.D) | This emperor, who was considered one of the five good emperors, was famous for judicial reforms, such as the presumption of innocence |
| Marcus Aurelius (161-180 A.D) | last good emperor of the pax Romana |
| Commodus | Ancient Roman Emperor who succeeded his father, Marcus Aurelius, and began the decline of the Roman Empire. 180-284 A.D |
| Severii Dynasty (193-235 A.D) | 193-235 A.D, non-roman element from North Africa |
| Barracks Emperors (235-284 A.D) | claimants to the imperial throne; most of them were generals who seized power, held it briefly, and then suddenly lost it when they were displaced by rivals or by their mutinous troops. 235-284 A.D |
| 284 A.D | New general is Palced on the imperial throne and ends the civil war and chaos by splitting the Roman Empire in two. |
| Crystalline Universe | The earth is at the center with five planets and the Sun and the Moon revolving around us. And that every planet is embedded in a crystalline sphere. greek view of the universe. |
| Geocentric theory | Arrangment of the solar system that places the earth at the center with the sun and planets orbiting the earth |
| Stellatum | The fixed luminous bodies outside the spheres (stars) that DO NOT MOVE. |
| Places with no time | Black hole and moving at the speed of light. |
| Prime Mover | a self-caused agent that is the cause of all things |
| Four humors | Choler(fire) Melancholy(air) Blood(water) Bile(earth) |
| The Great Chain of Being | God --> Angels --> Man --> Animals-->Plants/Minerals (Hierarchy of Being) |
| Three characteristics of Forms | Immutability (never change) Plentitude (every possible life form that can exist does) Permanence (If the Forms are eternal so are the beings they cause to exist.) |
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