5 Written Questions

1. Enzymes typically accelerate chemical reactions by orienting the substrate into a position that increases the probability of a reaction. The enzyme binds to the reactant and lowers the activation energy therefore speeding up the reaction.
2. Metabolic reaction that requires energy to assemble simple substances into more complex molecules.
3. breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones with release of energy
4. ?
5. the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out

5 Matching Questions

1. endocytosis
2. Phagocytosis
3. Tonicity
4. Celophane filled with sugar is placed in beaker of water, sugar cant escape celophane but water molecules can get in. What will happen to the Cellophane?
5. what are enzymes?

1. a occurs when a segment of the plasma membrane surrounds the particle or large molecule, encloses it, and brings it into the cell
2. b process in which phagocytes engulf and digest microorganisms and cellular debris
3. c the elastic tension of living muscles, arteries, etc. that facilitate response to stimuli
4. d Enzymes are PROTEINS that are used as catalysts for specific metabolic reactions
5. e It will expand

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. Requires Energy
   1. Coenzymes
   2. Cofactor
   3. Activation Energy
   4. Active Transport
2. the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction
   1. Active Transport
   2. Cofactor
   3. Tonicity
   4. Activation Energy
3. competes with the normal substrate to fill the active site of an enzyme. can cause the stopping of a reaction or can greatly slow its process
   1. Noncompetitive Inhibiter
   2. Tonicity
   3. Competitive Inhibiter
   4. Simple Diffusion
4. Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.
   1. Cofactor
   2. Coenzymes
   3. Tonicity
   4. osmosis
5. Simple diffusion is used to transport certain small molecules, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, across their cell membranes.
   Facilitated Diffusion uses transporter proteins which allow the passage of a variety of ions and other molecules that are too large or lipophobic for simple diffusion (or even small molecules).
   1. What are the three sources that provide microbes with energy?
   2. Why are functioning enzymes necessary for all life?
   3. How does temperature and pH affect enzyme mediated reactions?
   4. Understand why different types of molecules are transported using each method.

5 True/False Questions

1. How does temperature and pH affect enzyme mediated reactions? → Enzymes typically accelerate chemical reactions by orienting the substrate into a position that increases the probability of a reaction. The enzyme binds to the reactant and lowers the activation energy therefore speeding up the reaction.

   True        False

2. osmosis → diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal

   True        False

3. Coenzymes → after the enzyme is synthesized within the cell, this is what is excreted into the periplasmic space outside of the cell.

   True        False

4. Why are functioning enzymes necessary for all life? → Enzymes typically accelerate chemical reactions by orienting the substrate into a position that increases the probability of a reaction. The enzyme binds to the reactant and lowers the activation energy therefore speeding up the reaction.

   True        False

5. Simple Diffusion → integral membrane proteins function as channels or carriers that facilitate the movement of ions or large molecules across the plasma membrane from high concentration to low concentration. Does not require energy

   True        False