| Term | Definition |
|---|
| life | are composed of cells. |
| cell | basic unit of life |
| existing cells | all cells are produced from |
| two types of cells | prokaryotes and eukaryotes |
| Prokaryote | organism whose cells do not contain a nucleus |
| Eukaryotic | this type of cell contain a true nucleus with membrane |
| nucleus | controls most cell processes and contains DNA |
| mitochondrion | uses energy from food to make high-energy compounds; "powerhouse" |
| cell wall | in plant cell, gives the cell rigid and protective structure |
| chloroplast | uses energy from sunlight to make food molecules |
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum | site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and where proteins are chemically modified |
| golgi apparatus | modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the ER |
| plant cells | contains chloroplast, large center vacuole, and cell wall. |
| animal cells | no cell wall and shape, contains centrioles |
| facilitated diffusion | during the process of ________ _______, a molecule such as glucose must use a protein channel to cross through a cell membrane |
| active transport | process that requires an input of energy to help a molecule to move from an area of low concentration to high concentration, the process of ________ _________ must occur. |
| organelle | specialized structures within a cell that perform important cell functions |
| cytoplasm | portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| phagocytosis | process by which extensions of cytoplasm engulf large particles |
| nucleolus | small dense region in the nucleus where the assembly of ribosomes |
| endocytosis | process by which material is taken into the cell infoldings of the cell membrane |
| chromosomes/chromatin | distinct threadlike structures that contain the genetic information of the cell |
| diffusion | particles tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| selective permeability | when some substances can pass across them but others cannot, biological membranes are said to be ____________ |
| osmosis | process in which water diffuses through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Are human cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic | eukaryotic cell |
| Bacteria is an example of (prokaryotic or eukaryotic) | prokaryotic cell |
| hypertonic solution | higher solute concentrations |
| hypotonic solution | lower solute concentrations |
| isotonic solution | equal solute concentrations |
| Hypertonic solution | Elodea cells are placed into a 70% salt water solution. |
| Hypotonic solution | Elodea cells are placed into distilled water |
| Isotonic solution | Elodea cells are placed into pond water |
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