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Alfred T. Mahan officer in the u.s. navy, taught at the naval war college Anglo-Saxon Superiority Racial supiority of Anglo saxons. they argued that the united states had a responsibility to spread christianity and "civilization" to the world's "inferior peoples." This viewpoint narrowly defined "civilization" according to the standards of only one culture. Annexation of Hawaii U.S. wanted Hawaii for business and so Hawaiian sugar could be sold in the U.S. duty free, Queen Liliuokalani opposed so Sanford B. Dole overthrew her in 1893, William McKinley convinced Congress to annex Hawaii in 1898 Anti-Imperialism League founded on June 15, 1898 in Boston, Massachusetts, in opposition of the acquisition of the Philippines by the United States. The anti-imperialists opposed the expansion because they believed it violated the Constitution. Big Stick Diplomacy The policy held by Teddy Roosevelt in foreign affairs. The "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them. Boxer Rebellion A 1900 Uprising in China aimed at ending foreign influence in the country. Commodore George Dewey admiral of the united states navy and best known for his victory during the spanish - american war Dollar Diplomacy diplomacy influenced by economic considerations Frederick Jackson Turner United States historian who stressed the role of the western frontier in American history (1861-1951) Good Neighbor Policy FDR's foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rater than military force in the region Great White Fleet 1907-1909 - Roosevelt sent the Navy on a world tour to show the world the U.S. naval power. Also to pressure Japan into the "Gentlemen's Agreement." Imperialism any instance of aggressive extension of authority Jingoism fanatical patriotism Joseph Pulitzer United States newspaper publisher (born in Hungary) who established the Pulitzer prizes (1847-1911) Josiah Strong author of Our Country, on Anglo-Saxon superiority; a popular American minister in the late 1800s who linked Anglo-Saxonism to Christian missionary ideas Mercantilism an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests Missionary (Moral) Diplomacy Woodrow Wilson's idea of the United States' moral responsibility to deny recognition to any Latin American government that was viewed as hostile to American interests. Open Door Policy A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China. Panama Canal a ship canal 40 miles long across the Isthmus of Panama built by the United States (1904-1914) Pancho Villa Raids 1915. He attacked because of our support for his enemies. Wilson sends troops into Mexico; he is not captured - causes bad relations with Mexico for years. Philippines an archipelago in the southwestern Pacific including some 7000 islands Platt Amendment Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble Queen Liliuokalani the Hawaiian queen who was forced out of power by a revolution started by American business interests Roosevelt Corollary Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force Rough Riders volunteer soldiers led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish American War Seward's Folly many criticized William Seward's purchase of Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million dollars, calling it his folly. Social Darwinism The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion. Social Darwinism The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion. Spheres of influence areas in which countries have some political and economic control but do not govern directly (ex. Europe and U.S. in China) Splendid Little War term used by John Hay in a letter to Teddy Roosevelt; all of Spain's ships were destroyed in 7 hours; war was short and effective even though americans also died. Teller Amendment Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war Theodore Roosevelt 26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal," Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War Treaty of Paris 1898 (WMc) , The treaty that concluded the Spanish American War, Commissioners from the U.S. were sent to Paris on October 1, 1898 to produce a treaty that would bring an end to the war with Spain after six months of hostilitiy. From the treaty America got Guam, Puerto Rico and they paid 20 million dollars for the Philipines. Cuba was freed from Spain. USS Maine Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War White Man's Burden idea that many European countries had a duty to spread their religion and culture to those less civilized William Randolph Hearst United States newspaper publisher whose introduction of large headlines and sensational reporting changed American journalism (1863-1951) Yellow Journalism Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers.