Wesleyan Science Ch.1-1 &1-2; 5th grade
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90 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Name the 5 kingdoms o fliving things. | plants, animals, fungi, protists,& bacteria (moneran) |
| Which kingdom has a nucleus surrounded by a membrane? | protist |
| Which kingdom lives off of dead or decaying organisms? | fungi |
| Which kingdom is the tiniest living thing? | bacteria |
| Which kingdom has slime- mold is an example of this? | protist |
| Whick kingdom has mushrooms as an example? | fungi |
| Which kingdom has this which helps cows to digest grass? | bacteria |
| Which kingdom is classified as vascular or non-vascular? | plants |
| Which kingdom is classified by wheter or not they have a backbone? | aminals |
| Which kingdom have something single-celled without a nucleus? | bacteria |
| Which kingdom has algea as an example of this? | protists |
| Which part of the cell is the control center? | nucleus |
| Which part of the cell stores food, water, & wastes? | vacuole |
| Which part of the cell holds the cell together? | cell membrane |
| Which part of the cell contains chlorophyll? | chloroplasts |
| Which part of a root is the outermost layer of a root, stem, or leaf? | epidermis |
| Which part of a root has threadlike parts of cells on the surface of a root? | root hairs |
| Which part of a root is a layer just inside the epidermis of roots & stems-it stores food? | cortex |
| Which part of a root contains tissue through which food from the leaves moves DOWN through a plant? | phloem |
| Which part of a root is a layer that separates the xylem from the phloem- this is where new xylem & phloem grow? | cambium |
| Which part of a root has tissue through which water and minerals flow UP through the plant? | xylem |
| Which part of a root has a thin covering made up of cells-it protects the root tip as it grows into the soil? | root cap |
| Which type of root has one large root with a few hairy branching roots? | taproot |
| Which type of root is made up of only thin hair branching out | fiberous root |
| Which type of roots never touch the ground and take in moisture from the air? | aeriel roots |
| Which type of roots grow like fingers out of the bottom of the stem? | prop roots |
| A carrot is an example of a | taproot |
| Rye & grass are examples of | fibrous roots |
| Orchids are examples of | aeriel roots |
| Corn plants are examples of | prop roots |
| Which type of leaf comes in clusters? | compound |
| Which type of leaf comes as a single leaf? | simple |
| What part of a leaf connects it to a branch? | petiole |
| What part of a leaf carries water & minerals to the leaf and food away from the leaf? | veins |
| What is the main part of the leaf? | blade |
| What is the outermost layer of a leaf called? | epidermis |
| What is the largest known living thing? | an underground fungus |
| Plant cells contain a green substance called WHAT? | chlorophyll |
| Because of chlorophyll, green plants can use WHAT to make food? | the Sun's energy |
| All living things are made up of WHAT? | cells |
| Plant cells have rigid WHAT to support them? | cells |
| Cells in plant stems, roots, & branches form tubes for transpoorting WHAT & WHAT? | food & water |
| Groups of cells are organized into WHAT? | tissues |
| The science of finding patterns among living things is called WHAT? | classification |
| Why were early systems for classifying plants were based on characteristics people could see easily? | because there were no microscopes or other complex instruments in those days |
| Aristotle classified plants into 3 groups based on WHAT? | size |
| Scientists today divide plants into 2 large groups based on WHAT GOES INSIDE THE PLANTS, not WHAT? | size or appearance |
| Plants with tubelike tissues that carry food and water are classified as what kind of plants? | vascular plants |
| Plants that don't have plant tissue through which water and food move are classified as what kind of plants? | non-vascular plants |
| An oak is an example of what type of leaf? | simple |
| A tree is an example of what type of plant? | vascular |
| Mosses are examples of what type of plant? | non-vascular |
| Members of the plant kongdom all share common WHAT? | characteristics |
| Scientists divided vascular plants into what 2 groups? | seedless plants & plants with seeds |
| Scientists divide the plant kingdom into smaller groups called WHAT? | divisions |
| Name 2 major factors that make animals different from plants. | 1-unlike plants,animals cannot make their own food & 2-animals can move from one place to another during some parts of their lives |
| The animal kingdom is divied into smaller groups called WHAT? | phyla (phylum =singular) |
| How does a fungus differ from green plants? | A fungus does not make its own food as plants do or eat food as animals do. (Instead it absorbs/takes in food from decaying dead organisms & wastes in its environment.) |
| What are the common characteristics of members of the protist kingdom? | a dense, dark structure, called a nucleus inside each cell. The nucleus is surrounded by a thin envelope called a membrane. |
| A microsopic organism consisting of one cell without a nucleus is a _____________. | bacterium |
| What is the nickname for kudzu? | "Foot-a-Night Vine" |
| What does "Foot a Night Vine" refer to? | kudzu which can grow that much each day- it can spread out over 18 meters (60 feet) in a single summer and choke the life out of other weaker plants |
| Foods such as beets & carrrots are the ___________of different plants. | roots |
| Name 3 main ways roots help plants survive. | 1-roots help keep plants from getting swept away by wind and running water 2- roots draw up water and minerals from the soil (so plants can make food) 3-roots store food for the plant (ex: potato,sugar beet, &carrot plants) |
| A layer of tough cells that protect the growing tip of the root is called the ________ ________. | root cap |
| One large thick root with a few hairy branching roots is a _____________. | taproot |
| Grasses and similar plants have thin, hairy _____________ _________; roots made up of only thin hairy branching roots. | fibrous roots |
| Why do plants with fibrous roots thrive in dry regions? | because they collect water where there is little rain that only soaks into the very top layer of soil |
| ________ _________,like those of a corn plant,grow like fingers out of the bottom of the stem. | Prop roots |
| What roots never touch the ground, they take moisture from the air? | aeriel roots |
| Water & minerals pass through the roots CORTEX and move upward in the XYLEM to all parts of the plant, whils food flows downward in the ______________. | phloem? |
| Plant stems support the _________ &____________. | leaves & flowers |
| The transportation system in plant stems has 3 basic parts.what are they? | 1-xylem, 2-phloem, 3-cambium |
| What does the xylem do? | moves water and minerals up from the roots |
| What does the phloem do? | moves food from the plant's leaves to its other parts |
| What is the cambium? | a layer of cells (that separates the two) |
| Besides providing support and transportation, some plant stems are strong storage places for ________&_______. | food (like potatoes & sugarcane) and water (like cactus plants) |
| The leaves of a maple tree, which hang singly,are _________ leaves | simple |
| What are leaves that grow in clusters called? | compound leaves |
| The epidermis secretes a waxy coating called the ________, which keeps water inside the leaf. | cuticle |
| The food-making structures inside leaf cells are ____________. | chloroplasts |
| What 4 things do chloroplasts need to make food? | 1-sunlight,2-water,3-minerals,4-carbon dioxide |
| Air comes through tiny pores in the bottomof the leaves called ___________. | stomata (singular,stoma) |
| What is the purpose of a broad, flat green surface leaf? | it helps "capture" the sunlight the plant needs to make its food |
| What is the purpose of the cactus spines? | they protect the plant |
| What is the purpose of the Venus's-flytrap leaves? | they are colorful insect traps that snap shut when an insect flies inside |
| When water evaporates from the leaves, more water moves up through the plant to replace the lost water in a process called ____________. | transpiration |
| Some orchids in tropical forests have _________, which dangle high in the air. | roots |
| Name the 4 parts of an ANIMAL cell. | 1-cell membrane,2-nucleus,3-mitochondrion,4-vacuole |
| Name the 6 parts of a PLANT cell. | 1-nucleus,2-mitochondrion,3-vacuole,4-chloroplast,5-cell membrane,6-cell wall |
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