| Term | Definition |
|---|
| cell division | process by which a cell division into two new daughter cells |
| cytokinesis | The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis. |
| chromatid | Either of the two strands of a replicated chromosome, which are joined at the centromere. |
| mitosis | A process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells conventionally divided into five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis conserves chromosome number by equally allocating replicated chromosomes to each of the daughter nuclei. |
| centromere | The centralized region joining two sister chromatids. |
| interphase | The period in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing. During interphase, cellular metabolic activity is high, chromosomes and organelles are duplicated, and cell size may increase; accounts for 90% of the time of each cell cycle. |
| cell cycle | An ordered sequence of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell, composed of the M, G1, S, and G2 phases. |
| prophase | The first stage of mitosis, during which duplicated chromosomes condense from chromatin, and the mitotic spindle forms and begins moving the chromosomes toward the center of the cell. |
| centriole | A structure in an animal cell, composed of cylinders of microtubule triplets arranged in a 9 + 0 pattern. An animal cell usually has a pair of centrioles, which are involved in cell division. |
| spindle | An assemblage of microtubules that orchestrates chromosome movement during eukaryotic cell division. |
| metaphase | The second stage of mitosis; all the cell's duplicated chromosomes are lined up at an imaginary plane equidistant between the poles of the mitotic spindle. |
| anaphase | The third stage of mitosis, beginning when the centromeres of duplicated chromosomes divide and sister chromotids separate from each other, and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes are located at each of the two poles of the cell. |
| telophase | The fourth and final stage of mitosis, during which daughter nuclei form at the two poles of a cell; usually occurs together with cytokinesis. |
| cyclin | A regulatory protein whose concentration fluctuates cyclically. |
| cancer | disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace