Musculoskeletal Termninology
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Created by:
Yessenia-ZL on October 24, 2011
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73 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Myodema | A rising lump caused by the wasting of muscle tissue. |
| Myalgia | Muscle pain. |
| Myoma | A tumor containing muscle tissue |
| Myorrhapy | Suture of the muscle |
| Myoplasty | Surgical repair of a muscle |
| Myorrhexis | Rupture of a muscle. |
| Myonecrosis | Death of muscle tissue. |
| Myopathy | Muscle disease. |
| Kinesiology | The branch of physiology that studies the mechanics and anatomy in relation to human movement |
| Dyskinesia | Abnormality in performing voluntary muscle movements |
| Hyperkinesia | Excessive movement (overactive) |
| Kinesiotherapy | Treatment by movement or excerise |
| Spastic paralysis | Stiff and awkward muscle control caused by a central nervous system disorder. |
| Spastic gait | When walking appears stiff and toes appear to catch and drag. |
| Paraplegia | Paralysis of the lower half of the body (most often as a result of trauma) |
| Quadriplegia | Paralysis of both arms and both legs |
| Hemiplegia | Paralysis of one side of the body |
| Fascitis | Inflammation of a fascia. |
| Fasciotomy | A surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure |
| Fasciectomy | Surgical removal of fascia |
| Tenalgia/Tenodynia | Tendon Pain |
| Tendonitis/Tenditis | Inflammation of the tendons. |
| Chondroplasty | Surgical repair of cartilage. |
| Chrondritis | Inflammation of cartilage. |
| Osteocrhondritis | Inflammation of bone cartilage. |
| Chrondrectomy | Surgical removal of cartilage. |
| Chondralagia/Chrondrodynia | Cartilage pain. |
| Chondropathy | Cartilage disease. |
| Periosteum | Thin membrane that covers a bone. |
| Osteocyte | Mature bone cells. |
| Osteoblast | A bone-forming cell. |
| Osteogenesis | Bone formation. |
| Osteoporosis | A condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily. |
| Osteomalacia | Abnormal softening of bones. |
| Osteoma | Tumor of the bone |
| Osteonecrosis | Death of bone tissue. |
| Multiple myeloma | Tumors of the bone marrow |
| Myelocele | Hernia of a spinal cord. |
| Arthrocentesis | Surgical puncture of a joint for removal of fluid. |
| Athritis | Inflammation of the joints. |
| Arthralgia | Joint pain. |
| Arthredema | Swelling of a joint. |
| Arthrosclerosis | Stiffness of the joints. |
| Arthroscope | Instrument used to examine the interior of a joint. |
| Tarsals | Ankle Bones |
| Metatarsals | bones of the foot between ankle and toes |
| Tarsalgia | Pain in the ankle. |
| Orthopedics | The branch of medical science concerned with disorders or deformities of the spine and joints |
| Cephalgia/Cephalodynia | Head pain; headache. |
| Craniomalacia | Softening of the skull. |
| Laminectomy | Surgical removal of the bony arches on one or more vertebrae. |
| Cervicodynia | Pain in the neck |
| Lumbago | Lower back pain |
| Sacralgia/Sacrodynia | Pain in the sacra |
| Costalgia/Costodynia | Pain in the ribs |
| Open fracture | Bone fracture that breaks through the skin. |
| Closed fracture | Bone fracture that does not break through the skin |
| Greenstick fracture | A partial fracture, in which only one side of the bone is broken |
| Transverse fracture | Complete fracture that is straight across the bone at right angles to the long axis of the bone |
| Spiral fracture | A fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart |
| Comminuted | Bone breaks into many fragments |
| Bursae | Sacs of synovial fluid that are located outside of the joint |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of a bursa. |
| Bursectomy | Surgical removal of a bursa |
| Bursotomy | Surgical incision of a bursa |
| Synovium | The membrane lining the inside of moveable joints. |
| Synovial | Relating to or secreting synovia |
| Synovitis | Inflammation of a synovial membrane |
| Synovectomy | Surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint |
| Ankylosis | Abnormal condition of stiffness |
| Metacarpals | Hand Bones |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome | Painful, inflammatory condition that affects the carpal or wrist portion of the median nerve. Often associated with repetitive actions such as typing. Can be caused by physical trauma or hereditary conditions that inflame tendons around the nerve, disrupting hand function and resulting in numbness and pain. |
| Chiropractic | System of therapy that consists of manipulation of the vertebral column |
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