Chapter 14: The Human Genome
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 karyotype | photograph of chromosomes grouped in order in pairs |
| sex chromosomes | One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
| autosome | chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |
| pedigree | chart that shows the relationships within a family |
| sex-linked gene | gene located on the X or Y chromosome |
| diseases caused by recessive alleles | albinism, cystic fibrosis, galactosemia, phenylketonuria (PKU), Tay-Sachs disease |
| cystic fibrosis | an inherited disease of the respiratory system in which excessive mucus clots in the lungs usually results in premature death |
| sickle cell disease | Misshapen, or sickled, red blood cells; damage to many tissues; Codominant |
| achondroplasia, huntington disease, hypercholoesterolemia | disorder caused by dominant alleles |
| sickle cell disease | disorder caused by codominant alleles |
| PKU | accumulation of phenylalanine in tissuesl lack of normal skin pigment; mental retardation |
| tay-sachs disease | lipid accumulation in brain cells; mental deficiencyl blindness; death in early childhood |
| huntington disease | mental deterioration and uncontrollable movements; symptioms usually appear in middle age |
| hemophilia | sex linked disorder. no blood clotting |
| duchenne muscular dystrophy | sex linked disorder that results in the progressive weakening and loss of skeletal muscle |
| down syndrome | trisomy, increased susceptibility to many disease |
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