| Term | Definition |
| immigration | moving from one place to another to settle permanently |
| steerage | most inexpensive section of a ship |
| Ellis Island | opened in 1892 for immigrants to be processed |
| Angel Island | West Coast immigration center |
| Ethnic cities | areas with in a city where people from the same country would settle |
| Jacob Riis | journalist that wrote about the plight of the immigrant |
| Nativism | extreme dislike for immigrants by native-born americans |
| American Protective Association | group formed to stop immigration |
| Workingman's Party of California | group formed to stop the immigration of Chinese |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | legislation passed by Congress that stopped Chinese immigration for 10 years |
| skyscrappers | tall steel framed buildings |
| Louis Sullivan | developed of skyscrapers in Chicago |
| Mass Transit | transportation able to move many people at one time |
| Frank J. Sprague | developer of electric trolley car |
| high society | wealthy families living in the cities |
| tenements | dark, crowded, multi-story apartment buildings |
| political machine | informal political groups created to gain and keep power |
| party bosses | leaders of the political machines |
| Boss Tweed | infamous party boss in NYC |
| graft | money received through fraudulent means |