Unit II: Political Beliefs and Behaviors
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 15th Amendment | The amendment prohibits states from denying the right to vote on grounds of race or color |
| 19th Amendment | The amendment gave the franchise to women |
| 26th Amendment | The amendment standardized the voting age to 18 |
| Cleavages | factors in society which cause division |
| Liberty | The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views |
| Equality | The state of being equal, esp. in status, rights, and opportunities |
| Individualism | The habit or principle of being independent and self-reliant |
| Democracy | A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives |
| Rule of law | a state of order in which events conform to the law |
| Alexis de Tocqueville | French political writer noted for his analysis of American institutions (1805-1859) |
| Political efficacy | theoretical concept used to explain political behaviour in Political Science by faith, belief and trust in gov't and political affairs |
| Internal efficacy | belief that one can understand politics and therefore participate in politics |
| external efficacy | belief that one is effective when participating in politics, for example that the government will respond to one's demands |
| registered voters | requirement in some democracies for citizens and residents to check in with some central registry specifically for the purpose of being allowed to vote in elections |
| motor voter law | designed to reverse declining voter registration by allowing voters to register at motor vehicle departments |
| franchise | the right to vote |
| capitalism | An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state |
| socialism | A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole |
| gender gap | The discrepancy in opportunities, status, attitudes, etc., between men and women |
| libertarian ideology | A person who strongly believes in the doctrine of free will and civil liberty |
| literacy tests | government practice of testing the literacy of potential citizens at the federal level, and potential voters at the state level |
| partisanship | Prejudice in favor of a particular political party |
| pluralism | A political theory or system of power-sharing among a number of political parties |
| political elite | hypothetical group of relatively small size, that is dominant within a large society, having a privileged status in the gov't |
| political tolerance | willingness to extend basic rights and civil liberties to persons and groups whose viewpoints differ from one's own |
| sampling error | Error in a statistical analysis arising from the unrepresentative of the sample taken |
| random sampling | the selection of a random sample; each element of the population has an equal chance of been selected |
| political culture | traditional orientation of the citizens of a nation toward politics, affecting their perceptions of political legitimacy. |
| political socialization | process of individuals coming to learn and internalize the culture of their society or group that is directly related to the transmission of political values and behaviors |
| social class | people having the same social, economic, or educational status; "the working class"; "an emerging professional class" |
| voting age population | (VAP) number of persons in a geographic unit who are eligible to vote |
| voter apathy | lack of caring among voters in an election |
| voting rights act, 1965 | Passed under LBJ it mandated federal oversight of local elections in the South, and promised to strengthen the ongoing effort to end racial discrimination in political life. |
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