| Term | Definition |
|---|
| deoxyribose | the five Carbon sugar in DNA |
| ribose | the five Carbon sugar in RNA |
| Uracil | the nitrogenous base that is only found in RNA |
| Thymine | the nitrogenous base that is only found in DNA |
| Hydrogen Bonds | type of bonds between nitrogenous bases in DNA |
| Covalent Bonds | type of bonds in the sugar-phosphate backbone |
| purine | nitrogenous base with two rings |
| pyrimidine | nitrogenous base with one ring |
| RNA polymerase | the enzyme responsible for "reading" DNA and making mRNA |
| mRNA | the molecule responsible for taking the DNA instructions out to a ribosome |
| transcription | the process of DNA being used to make mRNA |
| translation | the process of mRNA being used to make an amino acid sequence |
| nucleus | the location of transcription |
| ribosome | the location of translation |
| tRNA | the molecule that "reads" the codons and brings the appropriate amino acid |
| rRNA | makes up a ribosome (with proteins) |
| amino acids | the building blocks of proteins |
| nucleotides | the building blocks of nucleic acids |
| gene mutation | a random change in the DNA nucleotide sequence |
| point mutation | a substitution of one nucleotide for another in the DNA sequence |
| frameshift mutation | the addition or deletion of nucleotides in the DNA sequence |
| silent mutation | type of point mutation that does not have an effect on the amino acid sequence |
| missense | a point mutation that results in sickle cell anemia (one amino acid is replace for another) |
| nonsense | a point mutation that results in a codon that codes for an amino acid being replaced with a stop codon |
| codon | a sequence of three nucleotides on the mRNA strand that codes for a specific amino acid |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace
!