soc st ch 4 ls 1 and 2
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38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 caliphate | a government ruled by a caliph |
| caliph | title given to Muslim leaders after Muhammad's death |
| How did Muslim caliphs come to power? | they were elected |
| Important names for the first four caliphs | Abu Talib and Abbasid |
| Important names for the dynastic caliphs | Umayyads and Abbasids |
| Where did the Umayyads move their capitol to?? | Damascus |
| Where did the Abbasids move their capitol to?? | Bagdad |
| What became independent?? | Spain |
| Who seized control over Egypt??? | the Fatimids |
| Who did the external attacks? | Turkish tribes and the Mongols |
| dynasty | a family that holds political power through many generations |
| treaty | a written agreement between countries or peoples |
| who was known as the "blood spiller"?? | Abu al-Abbas |
| what falls in 1453?? | Constantinople |
| who were the final conquerers of the Abbasids?? | the Ottomans |
| which invasion shattered the caliphate? | Mongol invasion |
| sultan | a Muslim ruler |
| Ottomans | Turks who lived in what is now Turkey |
| Ottoman Empire | became the greatest Islamic state |
| Sharia | an Islamic code that collected Gods laws; an Arabic word meaning "the way that leads to God" |
| What are key elements of Muslim daily life? | prayer and worship |
| Before praying | they would stop everything, remove their shoes, wash their hands and feet, bow several times, and face Mecca |
| mosque | a center of worship |
| imam | a religious leader |
| minaret | a tower where a muezzin would call people to prayer |
| muezzin | a prayer caller |
| where is everyone equal?? | in the church/under the Sharia |
| the Arab four main classes | 1. Arabs 2. Non-Arabs 3. Jews and Christians 4. Slaves |
| who were the "people of the book"? | Jews and Christians |
| woman were in what kind of position?? | an infurior position |
| inferior | lower in rank, quality, or value |
| polygamy | a marriage to more than one spouse |
| madrasa | a religious school |
| what were the sources of Islamic law? | the Qur'an, the Sunnah, and scholars judgment |
| what were the laws of proper conduct?? | 1. follow the Five Pillars 2. no gambling, stealing, eating pork, or drinking alcohol 3. rules for family issues 4. rules for doing business |
| what were the rules for prayer?? | 1. pray five times a day 2. remove shoes, wash hands and feet, and bow several times 3. face Mecca (East) |
| what did they study?? | law, philosophy, mathematics, and religion |
| where did they study??? | at the madrasa |
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