Science: Ch. 1 The Sun-Earth-Moon System (Part 2)
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 orbit | the path an object follows as it moves around another object |
| revolution | the motion of one object around another object |
| rotation | a spinning motion |
| rotation axis | the line on which an object rotates |
| solstice | a day when Earth's rotation axis is the most toward or away from the Sun |
| equinox | a day when Earth's rotation axis is leaning along Earth's orbit, neither toward nor away from the Sun |
| maria | the large, dark, flat areas on the Moon |
| phase | the lit part of the Moon or a planet that can be seen from Earth |
| waxing phases | more of the Moon's near side it lit each night |
| waning phases | less of the Moon's near side is lit each night |
| umbra | the central, darker part of a shadow where light is totally blocked |
| penumbra | the lighter part of a shadow where light is partially blocked |
| solar eclipse | when the Moon's shadow appears on Earth's surface |
| lunar eclipse | occurs when the Moon moves into Earth's shadow |
| tide | the daily rise and fall of sea level |
| How does Earth move around the Sun? | in a nearly circular path |
| Sun produces energy through the process of | nuclear fusion |
| What causes day and night? | Earth's rotation on its axis |
| True or False: the equator is warmer then the poles because the light is more direct on the equator? | true |
| True or False: Seasons take place because the tilt in relation to the Sun. | false; the tilt of the rotation axis |
| On the December solstice, the north end continues to point away from the sun and continues less and less. | true |
| True or False: When the southern part of the world is in summer, the northern part is also summer. | false; they are never in the same season |
| Tides on Earth occur because | the gravitational pull of the Moon on Earth |
| Is high tide the highest during spring time? | true |
| During neap tides, are low tides the highest? | true |
| Why can we see the moon? | it reflects sunlight |
| What causes the moon to revolve around us? | it revolution from Earth; the gravitational pull on the Moon from Earth |
| What causes phases of the moon? | depending where the Moon is around us |
| Where does a total solar eclipse occur? | in the umbra |
| What causes tides on Earth? | gravitational pull between the Earth, Sun, and Moon |
| List the phases of the moon | new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter and waning crescent |
| Which phases do spring tides occur? | full moon & new moon |
| Which phases do neap tides occur? | third-quarter & first-quarter |
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