Ancient Greece Test #3
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Minoan-Mycenaean Age | When the first greek civilizations appeared |
| Iliad | -Greek epic written by Homer -describes the Mycenaeans' war against the powerful city-state Troy |
| Homer | ancient Greek epic poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey |
| Polis/poleis | city-states or countryside -self-sufficient -political -economic -social -religious unit -2 biggest = Athens and Sparta (Peloponnesus) -Attica 3,000 |
| Democracy | -rule by the people -majority votes -athenians |
| Cleisthenes | an aristocrat and true founder of the Athenian democracy -thought people should have the last word in their government |
| Ekklesia | every citizen can have a say in the government through this -"town meeting" |
| Boule/Council of 500 | the judiciary branch of the Athenian government which runs trials |
| Ostracism | the "pushing out" of a citizen who would not conform to the will of his neighbors. -taking too much power |
| Aristoi | Greek word for aristocrats, members of the ruling class or nobility |
| Arete | -courage -drive to be the best you can be -"humanism -competitive |
| Philosophy | "love of knowledge" |
| Socratic Method | a method of teaching by question and answer (Socrates) |
| Socrates | 1st of 3 great philosophers of the Classical Age -questioned the nature of knowledge and ethical conduct -athenian court tried and executed him for "corrupting" the youth of the city |
| Plato | -student of Socrates -teacher of Aristotle -recorded Socrates' dialogues -wrote Metaphor of the Cave and The Republic |
| Helots | Messenian semi-slaves of Spartan overlords |
| Battle of Marathon | Darius sent Persians to attack athens -athenians won |
| Thermopylae | battle where spartans sacraficed themselves for athens |
| Salamis | The naval battle that, with the battle of Platea, ended the second Persian War with a Greek victory |
| Peloponnesian War | civil war between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies in Ancient Greece -Spartans won |
| Alexander the Great | conquered the Persian empire -father= Philip II |
| Hellenistic Kingdoms | -kingdoms carved out of the empire by Alexander the Great -blended Greek and Asian cultures |
| Metropolis | mother city |
| Orator | a person who delivers a speech or oration |
| Metaphor of the Cave | Plato said that most humans can only see shadows of reality like shadows one sees in a cave with fire. |
| Phalanx | rigid formation -closely massed group |
| Hoplite | Greek foot-soldier |
| Paris | the Trojan prince who stole Helen and started the trojan war |
| Delian League | Pact joined in by Athenians and other Greeks to continue the war with Persia |
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