| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Geocentric Model | The model in which everything revolves around the earth |
| Heliocentric Model | Sun centered model of solar system |
| Copernicus | Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543) |
| Ptolemy | Astronomer who believed the Earth was the center of the universe |
| Kepler | discovered that a planet has an ellipse orbit and verified the heliocentric theory |
| Brache | Danish astronomer who recorded data of the sky for 20 years; died in 1601; Kepler took over for him after his death |
| Radiation Zone | region of very tightly packed gas in the sun's interior were energy is transferred mainly in the form of light |
| Core | The center of the Sun; Where the Sun produced most of its energy |
| Convection Zone | Outermost layer of the Sun's interior; hot gases rise from the bottom of it and gradually cool hen they reach the top. |
| Galileo | Used the newly invented telescope to make discoveries that supported the heliocentric model |
| Photosphere | Inner layer of the Sun's atmosphere; gives off visible light. |
| The Chromosphere | Middle layer of the Sun's atmosphere; gives off a reddish glow; "color" sphere |
| Corona | The halo of light around the sun |
| Sunspots | Areas of gas on the Sun's surface that are cooler than the other gases around them. |
| Prominences | Huge reddish loops of gas that often link different parts of sunspot regions |
| Solar Flares | eruptions of gas from the sun's surface that occurs when the loops in sunspot regions suddenly connects |
| Solar Wind | a stream of electrically charge particles coming from the sun |
| Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars | Name the Inner Planets from closest to the Sun to farthest from the Sun. |
| Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune | Name the Outer Planets from closest to the Sun and out. (Not including Pluto) |
| Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune | Name the planets (not including Pluto). |
| Olympus Mons | Highest Volcano in the solar system; On Mars. |
| Dwarf Planet | What is Pluto now classified by? |
| Europa | Which of Jupiter's Moon's has an icy crust over it? |
| Uranus | Which planet rotates at a 90 degree angle? |
| Jupiter | Which Planet has the "Great Red Spot"? |
| Neptune | Which Planet has the "Great Dark Spot"? |
| Comet | A collection of ice, dust, and small rocky particles whose orbits are usually very long, narrow ellipses; Also known as a "dirty snowball" |
| Coma | the head of a comet |
| Nucleus | Solid Inner core of a comet |
| Kuiper Belt | Doughnut shaped region that extends beyond Neptune's orbit to about 100 times Earth's distance from the Sun |
| Oort Cloud | A large collection of comets lie in this cloud that completely surrounds our solar system (2 words) |
| liquid water, suitable temperature range, and an atmosphere | What conditions does life on Earth need to survive? |
| Goldilocks | liquid water, suitable temp. range, atmosphere: What are these conditions called? |
| Europa | What is the moon called that they are planning a mission to to see if there is life on it? |
| Yes | Did Mars once have the conditions needed for life to survive? |
| Spirit and Opportunity | Which 2 rovers found rocks that were made form water and other surface features that were made by water? |
| Meteoroid | Chunk of rock or dust in Space |
| Meteor | When a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere |
| Meteorite | When a meteor hits Earth's surface |
| Asteroids | objects in space that are too small and too numerous to be considered full fledged planets |
| Mars and Jupiter | The asteroid belt is located between which 2 planets? |
| a gas and dust tail | When a comet gets to close to the Sun, what does the Sun's energy cause the comet to produce? |
| extraterrestrial life | What is life not on Earth called? |
| Saturn | Which planet has the most spectacular rings? |
| Ganymede | What moon is the largest moon in the solar system that is Jupiter's and bigger than mercury and pluto? |
| Greenhouse effect | The trapping of heat inside of a planet's atmosphere is called? |
| Maat Mons | What is the largest volcano on Venus? |
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