Chapter 5 & 6 Heredity
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PeytonBrick1 on October 27, 2011
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Mrs Arsenault's Class
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Homozygous | Two dominant or two recessive alleles. |
| Heterozygous | One dominant trait and one recessive trait. |
| Heredity | The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring. |
| Dominant Trait | The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred. |
| Recessive Trait | A trait that appears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with diffent traits are bred. |
| Gene | One set of instructions from an inherited trait. |
| Allele | One of the alternate forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color. |
| Genotype | The entire genetic make- up of a organism; also the combination of genes from one or more specific type. |
| Phenotype | The organism's appearance or other detectable characteristics. |
| Probability | The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event. |
| Homologous Chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure. |
| Meiosis | A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells. |
| Pedigree | A diagram that shows the occurence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family. |
| Sex Chromosomes | One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living things and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live. |
| Nucleotide | In a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. |
| Mutation | A change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule. |
| Ribosome | A cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis. |
| RNA | Ribonucleic Acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays the role in protein production. |
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