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43 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 endocrine glands | produce and release chemical substances; make up your endorcrine system |
| hormones | chemical substances produced by edocrine glands; chemical messangers |
| pituitary gland | a small gland at the base of the brain; controls growing rate, metabolism, reproduction, and regulates other endocrine glands |
| hypothalamus | part of the brain that controls the pituitary gland; regulates your body temperature, use of water, and blood pressure; oversees hormone level |
| adrenal glands | above the kidney; produce hormones that affect the functioning of your kidneys, metabolism, and response to stressful situations |
| adrenaline | hormone released by the adrenal glands |
| thyroid gland | shaped like a bow tie; located in the front of the neck; releases a hormone that regulates the rate of metabolism in the body |
| parathyroid glands | attached to the thyroid gland; regulates calcium and phosphorus |
| pancreas | large gland behind the stomach; part of the digestive and endocrine system |
| hypoglycemia | level of blood sugar is too low |
| thymus | gland located in the upper chest near the heart; no understood |
| ovaries | female reproductive glands |
| testes | male reproductive glands |
| fsh and lh | hormones released by the pituitary gland in males and females |
| testosterone | male sex hormone |
| sperm | male sex cells |
| progesterone and estrogen | female sex hormones |
| ova | female sex cells |
| fertilization | the joining of a sperm cell with an egg; baby |
| scrotum | sac of skin that testes hang outside the body in |
| epididymis | J-shaped tube located on the back of each testis |
| penis | external sexual organ through which sperm leave the body |
| glans | tip of the penis |
| circimcision | removal of the foreskin |
| vas deferens | an 18 inch tube that receives sperm from the epididymis |
| urethra | a tube that passes through the penis to the outside of the body; carries urine and sperm |
| seminal vesicles | sex gland; located near the bladder |
| Cowper's glands | pair of glands located at the base of the penis |
| semen | sperm mixes with the fluids from glands |
| nocturnal emission | erection and ejaculation during sleep |
| ovulation | the release of one ripening egg per month |
| fallopian tubes | small tubes that carry the released eggs from the ovaries |
| uterus | hollow, muscular, pear shaped organ located between the two ovaries and behind the urinary bladder |
| cervix | narrow base of the uterus |
| menstrual cycle | the process during which an egg matures and is released and the uterus prepares to receive it |
| endometrium | lining of the uterus |
| endometriosis | pain in the pelvic area |
| chromosomes | tiny structures found within every cell |
| deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | chemical substance that make up chromosomes |
| gene | a section of a chrmosome that determines a single trait |
| genetic disorder | abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes |
| tay-sachs disease | lack of chemical in the brain; no treatment |
| phenylketonuria | rare metabolic disorder that con cause severe mental retardation in infants |
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