| Term | Definition |
|---|
| archegonium | Reproductive structure that produces eggs in seedless plants |
| antheridium | Reproductive structure that produces sperm in seedless plants |
| sorus | Cluster of sporangia on a fern frond |
| pollen grain | Structure consisting of a few haploid cells surrounded by a thick protective wall that contains a male gametophyte of a seed plant |
| ovule | Structure of a seed plant sporophyte in which a female spore forms and then develops into a female gametophyte that contains an egg; structure in the ovary of a pistil that develops into a seed |
| pollination | Transportation of pollen grains from a male reproductive structure of a flower to a female reproductive structure of a flower |
| pollen tube | Structure that grows from a pollen grain to an ovule, enabling a sperm to pass directly to an egg |
| seed coat | The protective, outer covering of a seed |
| cotyledon | Leaflike structure of a plant embryo; functions in the transfer of stored nutrients to the embryo, in which food is stored |
| sepal | Structure of a flower that encloses and protects a flower bud |
| petal | Structure of a flower that is often is often colorful and may attract pollinators to the flower |
| stamen | Male reproductive part of a flower |
| anther | Sac at the tip of a stamen in which pollen grain forms |
| pistil | Female reproductive part of a flower, consisting of an ovary, style and stigma |
| ovary | Reproductive structure that produces eggs; in the flowering plants, the lower part of a pistil that produces eggs in ovules; in animals, the gamete- producing organ of the female reproductive system |
| double fertilization | Process by which two sperm fuse with cells of the female gametophyte, producing both a diploid (2n) zygote and a triploid (3n) endosperm |
| vegetative reproduction | Type of reproduction in which new plants grow from vegetative parts such as roots, stems, and leaves |
| plant propagation | Practice of growing plants from seeds or from vegetative parts |
| tissue culture | Technique for growing pieces of living tissue in artificial media |
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