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acid-base most of the chemistry of dental cements are governed by a simple _______-________ reaction. zinc oxide this powder is one of the oldest dental cements and is the only insoluble, nontoxic, reactive oxide that can react with an acid; possesses some antibacterial properties. glass ionomer, resin, and resin ionomer what are the three different types of glass powders that can be used as dental cements? glass ionomer cement this glass powder bonds CHEMICALLY to calcium and releases FLUORIDE. however it can be acidic and cause pulpal irritation; absorbs water resin cement this glass powder bonds MECHANICALLY and is extremely strong; they bond to both the tooth and restoration resin ionomer cement this glass powder is a contemporary alternative today and is a combination of properties of both resin and glass ionomer cements. releases fluoride. Eugenol this cement liquid is also known as "oil of cloves" and can cause pulpal necrosis composite eugenol must never be used in any ____________ restoration procedure. it inhibits free radical polymerization essential to the setting. phosphoric acid this cement liquid is very irritating to the soft tissues polyacrylic acid this cement liquid is very viscous and contain carboxyl group that bond calcium to the tooth structure. luting agent, pulp protection, tempoary restoration, cavity sealers. what are some of the uses of a dental cement? ZOE, Zinc Phosphate, and Zinc Polycarboxylate what are three metal oxides/acid liquids used as a luting cement? Zinc Oxide and Eugenol this is a weak luting cement that causes temporary cementation of indirect restorations Zinc phosphate this is a very strong luting cement that dissolves solwly and is used for permanent cementation of indirect restorations. Zinc Polycarboxylate this is a low to moderate strength luting cement and combines the ease of handling a polymer with the moderate strength of zinc oxide. primary consistency this consistency is when luting cements have a thin viscosity to fill this space (i.e. honey) secondary consistency this requires the addition of powder to increase strength and bring the cement to a thick, putty-like consistency. particle size, temp, and cement powder/liquid ratio what are 3 factors that can influence the consistency of mixed cement? varnish this is a thin layer if material placed on the floor and walls of a preparation to seal dentinal tubules and minimize microleakage; THEY EVAPORATE QUICKLY copalite _______ cannot be used under resins or in bonding procedures liners _____ serve 3 functions: 1) change the chemistry of the tooth surface, 2) irritate the pulp to form secondary dentin and 3) to bond filling material to a tooth Dycal ______ has a pH of 9 and 11 which makes it highly bactericidal. Bases ______ are mixed to a secondary consistency and are thicker and stronger than liners. they provide thermal insulation. liner--base--varnish what is the order of placement?