Human Geography 4
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Created by:
samanthasiu on October 30, 2011
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 agricultural density | number of rural residents per unit of agriculturally productive land; a variant of physiological density that excludes urban population |
| arithmetic density | crude density |
| carrying capacity | maximum population numbers that an area can support on a continuing basis without experiencing unacceptable deterioration |
| cohort | population group unified my a specific common characteristic , such as age, and subsequently treated as a statistical unit during their lifetimes |
| crude birth rate (CBR) | birth rate, the ratio of number of live births during one year to the total population |
| crude death rate (CDR) | death rate, mortality index usually calculated as the # of deaths per year per 1000 population |
| crude density | arithmetic density, the number of people per unit area of land |
| demographic equation | mathematical expression that summarizes the contribution of different demographic processes to the population change of a given area during a specified time period P2=P1 + B1-2 - D1-2 + IM 1-2 - OM 1-2 |
| demographic transition | model of effect of the economic development on population growth |
| demography | scientific study of population with particular emphasis upon quantitative aspects |
| dependency ratio | number of dependents, old or young, that each 100 persons in the economically productive years must on average support |
| doubling time | time period required for any beginning total experiencing a compounding growth to double in size |
| ecumene | part of the earth's surface physically suitable for permanent human settlement, the permanently inhabited areas of the earth |
| homeostatic plateau | carrying capacity, application of the concept of homeostasis, or relatively stable state of equilibrium |
| J-Curve | a curve shaped like the letter J, depicting exponential or geometric growth (1,2,4,8,16...) |
| Malthus | English economist, demographer, cleric who suggested that unless self-control, war, or natural disaster checks population, it will inevitable increase faster than will the food supplies needed to sustain it |
| mortality rate | death rate |
| natural increase | growth of a population thru excess of births over deaths, excluding the effects of immigration or emigration |
| neo-Malthusianism | the advocacy of population control programs to preserve and improve the general national prosperity and well-being |
| nonecumene | anecumene, that portion of the earth's surface that is uninhabited or only temporarily or intermittently inhabited |
| overpopulation | value judgement that the resources of an area are insufficient to sustain adequately its present population numbers |
| physiological density | number of persons per unit area of cultivable land |
| population (demographic) momentum | the tendency for population growth to continue despite stringent family planning programs because of a relatively high concentration of people in the childbearing years |
| population density | measurement of the numbers of persons per unit area of land within predetermined limits, usually political or census boundaries, physiological boundary |
| population geography | division of human geography concerning the spatial variations in distribution, composition, growth, and movements of population and the relationship of those concerns with the geographic character of areas |
| population projection | statement of a population's future size, age, and sex composition based on the application of stated assumptions to current data |
| population pyramid | bar graph in pyramid form showing the age and sex composition of a population usually a national one |
| rate of natural increase | birth rate minus death rate suggesting annual rate of population growth w/o considering net migration |
| rates | frequency of an event's occurrence during a specified time period. |
| replacement level | number of children per woman that will supply just enough births to replace parents and compensate for early deaths with no allowance for migration effects |
| S-Curve | horizontal bending or leveling of an exponential, or J Curve |
| total fertility rate (TFR) | average number of children that would be born to each woman if during her childbearing years she bore children at the current year's rate for women that age |
| zero population growth (ZPG) | term suggesting a population in equilibrium fully stable in numbers with births (plus immigration) equaling deaths (plus emigration) |
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