1.
According to Noll OMT made what worse 30 min post Tx?: Air trapping
2.
According to Noll What 4 things were decreased by OMT?
What 3 things where increased?: Decreased:
1. FEV (Forced expiratory flow)
2. VC (Vital Capacity)
3. ERV (Expiratory reserve vol)
4. Airway resistance
Increased:
1. TLC (Total Lung Capacity)
2. RV (Residual vol)
3. Subjectively improved breathing
3.
Describe the lymph flow of the lungs from the subpleura to the subclavian vein (hint: SLP -> ILV -> Follows B, A and V -> B (H) N -> IT (C) N -> STN -> BLT -> SV: Subpleural Lymphatic Plexus Interlobular Lymph Vessels Follows Bronchi, Arteries and Veins Bronchopulmonary (Hilar) Nodes Inferior Tracheobronchial (Carinal) Nodes Superior Tracheobronchial Nodes Bronchomediastinal Lymph Trunk Subclavian Vein
4.
Galbreath technique increases blood flow to and through the region by compressing and releasing What plexus of veins and lymphatics?: Pterygoid plexus
5.
Is there a defect in the i-NANC system with moderated or severe asthma?: no
6.
Nitric oxide mediates what NANC?: i-NANC (inhibitory Non-Adrenergi non-cholinergic innervation)
7.
VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) mediates what NANC?: i-NANC (inhibitory Non-Adrenergi non-cholinergic innervation)
8.
What 2 conclusions did Guiney draw from OMT and pediatric asthma?: 1. OMT decreases mortality and morbidity
2. OMT increases peak expiratory flow rate
9.
What are the primary e-NANC tachykinins?: Substance-P and NKA (Neurokinin-A
10.
What cells produce tachykinins?: Tachykinins are produced by inflammatory cells such as alveolar macrophages, lymphocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils
11.
What did Washington find out about chapman's points and the lung?: Yup, Pts with pneumonia have predictable chapman's pts related to the lung
12.
What does NANC stand for?: Non-Adrenergic and Non- Cholinergic Innervations
13.
What effect does NKA (Neurokinin-A) have via the receptor NK1?: increased mucus production, plasma extravasation, and stimulates inflammatory and immune cells via NK1 receptor interaction
14.
What effect does NKA (Neurokinin-A) have via the receptor NK2?: Bronchoconstriction
15.
What effect would balloon kyphoplasty have on pain, FVC, and MVV?: Reduce pain
Increase FVC MVV
16.
What is the pathway of parasympathetic innervation to nasal cavity/sinuses? Start from the nucleus in the CNS. Include spinal levels if applicable and where the preganglionic and postganglionic fibers/cell bodies are.: Parasympathetics (preganglionic) arise from the superior salivatory nucleus and join the facial nerve (CN VII). as they pass throught the geniculate ganglion they jump onto the greater petrosal nerve, then the nerve of pterygoid canal where they synaps in the pterygopalatine (sphenopalatine) ganglion. From there, parasympathetic post-ganglionic fibers spread out to the nasal cavity/sinuses.
17.
What is the pathway of sympathetic innervation to nasal cavity/sinuses? Start from where the fibers exit the CNS. Include spinal levels if applicable and where the preganglionic and postganglionic fibers/cell bodies are.: T1-3 preganglionic to sympathetic trunk, where they travel up to the superior cervical ganglion, where the synapse, then tavel up the carotid plexus (now post ganglionic) to the Sphenopalatine nerves then out to the sinuses and nasal cavity
18.
What is the sympathetic innervation of the lung: T2-6
19.
What kind of NANC are mediated by sensory neuropeptides from non-myelinated c-fibers that releaseTachykinins?: e-NANC
20.
What OMT techniques are indicated in treatment of hospitalized pts with pneumonia? (Noll): 1. rib raising
2. diaphragm doming
3. suboccitipal decompression
This reduces hospital stay length, need for antibiotics, and risk of pulmonary failure
21.
What receptor in the lung can be induced by allergens, viral infections, ozone, eosinophil products and cytokines: Dysfunctional M2 receptors
22.
Where would TART changes be expected in association with the nasal cavity and sinuses?: T1-3
OA -C3
Sphenopalatine fossa
23.
Where would you expect to see tart changes if you had dysfunction in the lungs?: T1-6
OA-C3
24.
Whick NANC causes bronchdialation?: i-NANC
