| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Reactants and products of ETC | Electron Transport reactants: Hydrogen ions, oxygen, NADH, FADH2 Products:Water and ATP( 2 e- + 2 H+ 1/2 O2= H20) |
| Complex I | NADH dehydrogenase. Electrons transferred from NADH, energy yield H into intermembrane space |
| Complex II | Cytochrome b560, electrons transferred from FADH2 |
| Complex III | Cytochrom b-c1 complex,Q carries electrons into complex,energy yields H into intermembrane space |
| Complex IV | Cytochrome oxidase complex Cytochrome c carries e- to complex Combines e- with oxygen to form water. Oxygen requiring step of cellular respiration. Energy yields H into intermembrane space |
| Role of Oxygen in ETC | Electron acceptor and forms H2O |
| Substrate Level Phosphorylation | the formation of ATP by an enzyme directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism |
| Oxidative Phosphorylation | The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an ETC, the third major stage of CR |
| Chemiosmotic Coupling | The mechanism by which ADP is phosphorylated to ATP in mitochondria and chloroplasts. The energy released as electrons pass down an electron transport chain is used to establish a proton gradient across an inner membrane of the organelle; when protons subsequently flow down this electrochemical grandent, the potential energy released is captured in the terminal phosphate bonds of ATP. |
| Role of chemiosmotic coupling in ETC and OP | Electrons transport and pumping of protons of (H+) which create an H+ gradient across the membrane, ATP synthesis powered by the flow of H+ back across the membrane |
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