Chapter 3 - Federalism
About this set
Created by:
andradeteach on November 1, 2011
Subjects:
AP American Government and Politics
Classes:
Garfield High School - AP Government
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 AFDC | Program to distribute welfare benefits that was formerly federally funded then devolved to the states in 1996 (as a block grant) |
| Block Grants | Federal funds provided for a broad purpose, unrestricted by detailed requirements and regulations |
| Categorical Grants | Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport |
| Conditions of Aid | Conditions specified by the federal government to fund a specified program |
| Confederation or Confederal System | A system of government in which a collection of states give some political powers to a central government but keep most political powers for themselves; used temporarily |
| Devolution | The transition of federal powers to states |
| Dual Federalism | Though the national government is supreme in its sphere, the states are equally supreme in theirs, these spheres should be separate |
| Federal System | A government that divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments |
| Grants-in-aid | Federal funds provided to states and localities, category made up of block grants and categorical grants |
| Initiative | Procedure whereby a certain number of voters may, by petition, propose a law or constitutional amendment and have it submitted to the voters |
| Intergovernmental Lobby | When state or local officials lobby in Washington to get money or laws for their areas |
| Interstate Commerce | trade conducted between two or more states |
| Intrastate Commerce | business transactions involving companies that do business only in one state. |
| Land Grant Colleges | Public Universities and Colleges created from money from federal loans, many due to the Morrill Land Grant Act |
| McCulloch vs. Maryland | Supreme Court ruling: states had no right to interfere with federal institutions within their borders; strengthened federal power |
| Mandates | Rules imposed by the federal government on the states as conditions for obtaining federal grants or requirements that the states pay the cost of certain programs |
| Medicaid | a federal and state assistance program that pays for health care services for people who cannot afford them |
| National Interests | A country's goals and ambitions whether economic, military, or cultural |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | Constitutional clause that gives congress the power to make all laws "necessary and proper" for executing its powers |
| Nullification | the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress |
| Police Powers | The power of a state to promote health, safety, and morals |
| Recall | the act of removing an official by petition |
| Referendum | a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate |
| Revenue Sharing | A law providing for the distribution of a fixed amount or share of federal tax revenues to the states for spending almost any government purpose; ended in 1986 |
| 2nd order devolution | Flow of power from state governments to local governments. |
| Sovereignty | Supreme or ultimate political authority |
| States' Rights | The rights and political powers that the U.S. states possess in relation to the federal government |
| 10th amendment | powers reserved to the States |
| 3rd order devolution | Flow of power from local government to private profit or nonprofit organizations. |
| Unitary System | a government that gives all key powers to the national or central government |
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