Abnormal Psych Anxiety Disorders
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Created by:
nikkigoodman on November 1, 2011
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 panic disorder symptoms (examples from text/class) | recurrent uncued panic attacks (1 month), constant worry about more attacks...example: Jenny unexpected heart pounding, sweaty palms, deep sense of fear something was wrong, worried about reoccurence, began avoiding public situations b/c fear of being humiliated |
| psychoanalytic explanation of anxiety | in past (1960s), concept of neurosis (unrealistic anxiety and depression), anxiety resulted from id/ego conflict when defense mechanisms were overworked (GAD), anal fixation= impulses to soil transformed into compulsive cleanliness, person experiences urge as compulsive, obsessive thought (OCD) |
| cognitive explanation (panic & agoraphobic) | individual misinterprets somatic bodily changes as impending doom |
| behavioral explanation (panic & agoraphobic) | classical conditioning (interoceptive): panic attacks are conditioned to responses to anxiety triggering situations or internal bodily sensation of arousal, people learn what things/situations cause panic and avoid those things to avoid panic |
| biological explanation (panic & agoraphobic) | the locus ceruleus (part of fear circuit), major source of norepinephrine which triggers SNS |
| cognitive behavioral treatment (panic & agoraphobic) | cognitive behavioral therapy (most successful for PD 70-80% success rate), panic control therapy (PCT): exposure to deliberate panic sensations under safe conditions, stop interpreting internal sensations as loss of control, intervention s-situations-exposure task, group exposure, relaxation |
| evidence of biological basis for anxiety disorders | 1) runs in the family, family member with anxiety increases comorbidity 2) twin studies indicate heritability 20-40 (GAD, PTSD, phobias) 50 (PD) 3) GAD have deficits in GABA system function 4) deficits in medial prefrontal cortex (interferes w/ amygdala regulation) |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder vs other anxiety disorders (biological features) | differs because GAD less responsive on physiological measures (unlike panic), chronically tense because highly sensitive to threats, fatigued easily, mental agitation, always on edge, stress hormones always elevated |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder characteristics | 1) obsession: recurrent persistant thoughts 2)compulsion: repetitive behaviors, response to behaviors |
| psychoanalytic etiology (OCD) | obsessions/compulsions reflect maladaptive responses to unresolved conflict |
| behavioral etiology (OCD) | people can learn that certain compulsions or rituals calm obsession temporarily |
| cognitive etiology (OCD) | general psychological vulnerability where they believe their thoughts are equal to actions, so unacceptable thought is just as bad as action |
| biological etiology (OCD) | people can inherit biological vulnerability to anxiety disorders |
| psychological and biological therapies (OCD) | psychoanalytic; uncover hidden motivations biological: ssris, relapse common once stopped psychological: exposure/ritual prevention psychosurgery: lesion to cingulate bundle 30% effective |
| conversion disorder vs malingering | CD: physical malfunction, stressful event trigger, no organic cause, no concern to see doctor, not really upset (woke up one day, cant walk) M: faking malfunction, aware that they are pretending and attempting to manipulate others, clear gains to being 'ill" (no work, settlement money) test: blindness test M less than chance level b/c trying to be "blind" |
| Munchausen Syndrome classification (child abuse vs somatoform disorder) | factitious disorder: voluntary symptoms, no obvious gain, done for attention, self harm to induce symptom picture by proxy: child abuse, symptoms induced by someone close (mom who loves praise of caring for sick child) |
| Hypochondriasis Disorder | severe anxiety focused on having serious disease, blown out of proportion, features of panic disorder, treatment: explanatory therapy: doc explains source/origin of symptoms |
| which somatoform disorders exposure and response prevention treatment | BDD |
| Illness Phobia | specific fear that you will become sick, early age of onset |
| Somatization Disorder | marked by numerous reoccuring physical ailments w/o organic basis, last longer than conversion disorder, 8 symptoms 4 pain 2 gastro 1 sexual 1 psuedo neurological (stroke like, vision problems, muscle probs) |
| panic attacks | abrupt feeling of intense apprehension/terror, impending doom, accompanied by (4) physical symptoms heart palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, hot flashes, sweating, peak @ 10 min |
| unexpected (uncued) panic attacks | no idea attack was coming, no clue when next will come |
| situationally bound (cued) panic attacks | known stimulus/ clear trigger, like seeing needle or snake (most likely a phobia) |
| Situationally predisposed panic attacks | likelihood of attack is greater in situations where they have previously occured |
| agoraphobia | fear of being in places in which it would be difficult or embarrassing to escape if panic symptoms occur |
| psychodynamic treatment (panic & agoraphobic) | 24 sessions focused on identifying emotions and meaning underlying panic attacks |
| biological treatment (panic & agoraphobic) | medication protective while ppl were taking them, best in combo with PCT |
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